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Natural Antimicrobials Suitable for Combating Desiccation-Resistant in Milk Powder. | LitMetric

Natural Antimicrobials Suitable for Combating Desiccation-Resistant in Milk Powder.

Microorganisms

Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, 2015 Fyffe Court, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

Published: February 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Some strains of Salmonella can thrive in low-water activity foods, leading to outbreaks, so new methods to make these foods safer are needed.
  • - Natural antimicrobial food additives like carvacrol and thymol were found to increase potassium leakage in these resistant strains, making them more vulnerable to drying and heat processing.
  • - Experiments showed that carvacrol effectively reduced Salmonella populations in milk through spray-drying and freeze-drying, suggesting it could be a powerful tool in improving food safety.

Article Abstract

Some strains survive well in low-water activity (low-a) foods and cause frequent salmonellosis outbreaks in these products. Methods are needed to overcome such desiccation-resistant and to improve the safety of low-a foods. Building on a recent finding, we hypothesized that natural antimicrobial food additives, which are active against cytoplasmic membrane, could overcome this desiccation resistance phenomenon, and thus, sensitize the pathogen to drying and mild processing. Food additives were screened for the ability to cause leakage of intracellular potassium ions; retention of these ions is vital for protecting against desiccation. Two antimicrobial food additives, carvacrol and thymol, caused considerable potassium leakage from the desiccation-resistant serovars, Tennessee and Livingstone. Thus, carvacrol and thymol were investigated for their ability to sensitize the desiccation-adapted to heat treatment. The combined use of food additives, at their minimum inhibitory concentrations, with heat treatment at 55 °C for 15 min caused 3.1 ± 0.21 to more than 5.5 log colony forming unit (CFU)/mL reduction in desiccation-adapted , compared to 2.4 ± 0.53-3.2 ± 0.11 log CFU/mL reduction by sole heat treatment. Carvacrol was the additive that caused the greatest potassium leakage and sensitization of to heat; hence, the application of this compound was investigated in a food model against Typhimurium ASD200. Addition of carvacrol at 200 or 500 ppm into liquid milk followed by spray-drying reduced the strain's population by 0.9 ± 0.02 and 1.3 ± 0.1 log CFU/g, respectively, compared to 0.6 ± 0.02 log CFU/g reduction for non-treated spray-dried milk. Additionally, freeze-drying of milk treated with high levels of carvacrol (5000 ppm) reduced the population of Typhimurium ASD200 by more than 4.5 log CFU/g, compared to 1.1 ± 0.4 log CFU/g reduction for the freeze-dried untreated milk. These findings suggest that carvacrol can combat desiccation-resistant , and thus, potentially improve the safety of low-a foods.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7923161PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020421DOI Listing

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