Synthetic polypeptides and polymer-peptide hybrid materials have been successfully implemented in an array of biomedical applications owing to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and ability to mimic natural proteins. In addition, these materials have the capacity to form complex supramolecular structures, facilitate specific biological interactions, and incorporate a diverse selection of functional groups that can be used as the basis for further synthetic modification. Like conventional synthetic polymers, polypeptide-based materials can be designed to respond to external stimuli (e.g., light and temperature) or changes in the environmental conditions (e.g., redox reactions and pH). In particular, pH-responsive polypeptide-based systems represent an interesting avenue for the preparation of novel drug delivery systems that can exploit physiological or pathological pH variations within the body, such as those that arise in the extracellular tumour microenvironment, intracellularly within endosomes/lysosomes, or during tissue inflammation. Here, we review the significant progress made in advancing pH-responsive polypeptides and polymer-peptide hybrid materials during the last five years, with a particular emphasis on the manipulation of ionisable functional groups, pH-labile linkages, pH-sensitive changes to secondary structure, and supramolecular interactions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13040624 | DOI Listing |
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
Polymersomes are synthetic vesicles that mimic the architecture of cellular compartments such as the cell membrane and organelles. These biomimetic compartments facilitate the creation of cell-like chemical systems, including microreactors and synthetic organelles. However, the construction of hierarchical multi-compartment systems remains challenging and typically requires the encapsulation of pre-formed vesicles within a host compartment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pharm
September 2024
Toxicology and Poisoning Research Center, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:
According to the importance of time in treatment of thrombosis disorders, faster than current treatments are required. For the first time, this research discloses a novel strategy for rapid dissolution of blood clots by encapsulation of a fibrinolytic (Reteplase) into a Thrombin sensitive shell formed by polymerization of acrylamide monomers and bisacryloylated peptide as crosslinker. Degradability of the peptide units in exposure to Thrombin, creates the Thrombin-sensitive Reteplase nanocapsules (TSRNPs) as a triggered release system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMacromol Rapid Commun
August 2024
Institute of Physics, Staudingerweg 7-9, D-55128, Mainz, Germany.
A combination of atomistic molecular dynamics (aMD) simulations and circular dichroism (CD) analysis is used to explore supramolecular structures of amphiphilic ABA-type triblock polymer peptide conjugates (PPC). Using the example of a recently introduced PPC with pH- and temperature responsive self-assembling behavior [Otter et al., Macromolecular Rapid Communications 2018, 39, 1800459], this study shows how molecular dynamics simulations of simplified fragment molecules can add crucial information to CD data, which helps to correctly identify the self-assembled structures and monitor the folding/unfolding pathways of the molecules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomacromolecules
August 2024
Purdue University, Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.
Polymer-peptide hydrogels are being designed as implantable materials that deliver human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to treat wounds. Most wounds can progress through the healing process without intervention. During the normal healing process, cytokines are released from the wound to create a concentration gradient, which causes directed cell migration from the native niche to the wound site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Dent
September 2024
University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry. Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain.
Objectives: This study targets to assess the remineralization capability of conditioned dentin infiltrated with polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) doped with tideglusib (TDg) (TDg-NPs).
Methods: Dentin conditioned surfaces were infiltrated with NPs and TDg-NPs. Bonded interfaces were created, stored for 24 h and submitted to mechanical and thermal challenging.
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