Clade-Specific Plastid Inheritance Patterns Including Frequent Biparental Inheritance in Interspecific Crosses.

Plastid inheritance in angiosperms is presumed to be largely maternal, with the potential to inherit plastids biparentally estimated for about 20% of species. In , maternal, paternal and biparental inheritance has been reported; however, these studies were limited in the number of crosses and progeny examined. To improve the understanding of plastid transmission in the progeny of 45 interspecific crosses were analyzed in the three subgenera: and Plastid types were assessed following restriction digestion of PCR amplified plastid DNA in hybrid embryos, cotyledons and leaves at different developmental stages. Clade-specific patterns of inheritance were detected such that hybrid progeny from subgenera and predominantly inherited paternal plastids with occasional incidences of maternal inheritance, whereas subgenus showed predominantly maternal and biparental inheritance. Biparental plastid inheritance was also detected in some hybrids from subgenus Heteroplasmy due to biparental inheritance was restricted to hybrid cotyledons and first leaves with a single parental plastid type detectable in mature plants. This indicates that in , plastid retention at later stages of plant development may not reflect the plastid inheritance patterns in embryos. exhibits diverse patterns of plastid inheritance, providing an excellent system to investigate underlying mechanisms in angiosperms.