AI Article Synopsis
- The study examines the rates of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) among military personnel and its correlation with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), finding that 81.5% of participants had a history of mTBI, with 40.5% screening positive for PTSD.
- Results indicate that individuals with mTBI reported more severe symptoms on the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) compared to those without mTBI, highlighting the association between mTBI and elevated PTSD symptoms.
- The study supports a 4-factor structure of the NSI (including somatosensory, affective, cognitive, and vestibular symptoms) for both groups, suggesting a holistic approach
Article Abstract
Objective: To describe rates of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) with and without concurrent posttraumatic stress disorder a sample of former and current military personnel, and to compare the factor structure of the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) based on whether participants sustained mTBI with and without a positive posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) screen.
Setting: Participants recruited and tested at 7 Veterans Affairs (VA) sites and 1 military training facility as part of a national, longitudinal study of mental health, physical, and cognitive outcomes among veterans and service members. Participants: Total of 1540 former and current military personnel with a history of combat exposure.
Design: Cross-sectional analysis of observational data, including confirmatory factor analysis. Main Measures: NSI and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5).
Results: Most participants (81.5%) had a history of mTBI and almost half of these screened positive for PTSD (40.5%); only 23.9% of participants without a history of mTBI screened positive for PTSD. Participants with a history of mTBI reported higher elevations of NSI and PCL-5 symptoms compared with those without a history of mTBI. Confirmatory factor analyses of the NSI demonstrated good model fit using a 4-factor structure (somatosensory, affective, cognitive, and vestibular symptoms) among groups of participants both with and without a history of mTBI.
Conclusion: Symptoms of mTBI and PTSD are strongly associated with each other among veterans and service members with a history of combat exposure. The 4-factor NSI structure is supported among participants with and without a history of mTBI. These findings suggest the potential benefit of a holistic approach to evaluation and treatment of veterans and service members with concurrent and elevated postconcussive and posttraumatic stress symptoms.
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Article Synopsis
- - This study investigates how non-neurological factors, specifically the "expectation as etiology" or "good old days" bias (EE/GOD bias), may explain ongoing symptoms after a mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), highlighting their relationship with psychological factors like illness perception and intolerance of uncertainty.
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