Hormonal Carcinogenesis in Canine Mammary Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms of Estradiol Involved in Malignant Progression.

Animals (Basel)

Laboratory of Biomedicine and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile.

Published: February 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • * Estradiol not only initiates and promotes tumor formation but also affects the progression of cancer through both genomic and non-genomic mechanisms.
  • * The review will explore how estradiol impacts gene transcription and intracellular signaling pathways, contributing to the development and worsening of malignant mammary tumors in dogs.

Article Abstract

Mammary cancer is a frequent neoplasia in female dogs, in which most important risk factors are hormonal. Sexual hormones as estradiol play an important role in mammary carcinogenesis, being able to induce carcinogenic initiation, promotion and progression. However, the molecular mechanisms involved are incompletely understood. Estradiol is synthesized mainly in the ovaries, nevertheless, high concentrations of estradiol and some of its hormonal precursors have also been described in malignant mammary tumor tissue. The mechanisms of action of estradiol include the classic genomic effects that modulate gene transcription, and non-genomic effects, which trigger quick effects after estradiol binds to its specific receptors. These responses modulate various intracellular signaling pathways, triggering post-translational modification of several proteins. This review will discuss the well-known underlying mechanisms associated with the action of estradiol in the malignant progression of canine mammary tumors.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7996861PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11030608DOI Listing

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