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Cigarette smoking is associated with reduced neuroinflammation and better cognitive control in people living with HIV.
Neuropsychopharmacology
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
People living with HIV (HIV+) are roughly twice as likely to smoke cigarettes (Smok+) as the general population. With the advent of effective antiretroviral therapies, it is increasingly important to understand the effects of chronic HIV infection and cigarette smoking on brain function and cognition since HIV+ individuals have heightened neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits even with such therapies. Based on prior studies demonstrating that smoking reduces a marker for neuroinflammation in HIV- individuals, we hypothesized that HIV+/Smok+ individuals would have less neuroinflammation and better cognitive control than HIV+/Smok- individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerceptions and intentions regarding IQOS among current US adults who use cigarettes and/or electronic nicotine delivery systems.
Tob Control
December 2024
School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Introduction: IQOS was sold in the US in 2019-2021 and will likely return in 2024. It is important to anticipate IQOS' market penetration; thus, this study examined US adults' prior awareness and perceptions, intentions to try and reactions to an IQOS reduced-risk exposure statement.
Methods: 61 adults from three US cities were recruited to represent four tobacco use subgroups: current cigarette and never electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use; current cigarette and discontinued ENDS use; current cigarette and ENDS use; and former cigarette use and switched to ENDS.
Promoting Human Rights-Based Deinstitutionalisation in Lithuania by Applying the World Health Organization's QualityRights Assessments.
Int J Qual Health Care
December 2024
Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, Comprehensive Health Research Centre/NOVA Medical School, National School of Public Health, NOVA University of Lisbon. Rua do Instituto Bacteriológico 5, Edifício Amarelo, 1150-190 Lisbon, Portugal.
Background: Lithuania ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) in 2010 and started deinstitutionalisation in 2014. This reform covers segregated social care institutions where persons with mental health conditions, psychosocial and/or intellectual disabilities live. It aims to move away from institutional care and towards community-based services.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA brief alcohol intervention during smoking cessation treatment in daily cigarette smokers: A pilot randomized controlled trial.
Sci Rep
December 2024
School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Patrick Manson Building, 7 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Alcohol use attenuates successful smoking cessation. We examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a brief alcohol intervention in smokers. In this two-arm, assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial, we randomized 100 daily smokers (82.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVentilation and features of the lung environment dynamically alter modeled intrapulmonary aerosol exposure from inhaled electronic cigarettes.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1690, USA.
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) fundamentally differ from tobacco cigarettes in their generation of liquid-based aerosols. Investigating how e-cig aerosols behave when inhaled into the dynamic environment of the lung is important for understanding vaping-related exposure and toxicity. A ventilated artificial lung model was developed to replicate the ventilatory and environmental features of the human lung and study their impact on the characteristics of inhaled e-cig aerosols from simulated vaping scenarios.
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