Frequency and durational components of smoking topography were measured by a portable smoking device while 10 subjects smoked four cigarettes ad libitum in a non-laboratory environment. Nicotine blood levels were measured before and after smoking each cigarette and serial blood samples for determining nicotine metabolic half-life were obtained the following day. Results showed that change in pre- and post-cigarette nicotine levels and metabolic half-life for nicotine were not related to within-cigarette topography measures or nicotine yield of cigarette, but were significantly related to intercigarette interval.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-4603(88)90031-7 | DOI Listing |
Environ Health Perspect
January 2025
Chemical Insights Research Institute, UL Research Institutes, Marietta, Georgia, USA.
Background: Since their inception, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) have gained increasing popularity, sparking a vaping epidemic among adolescents in the US and globally. Several ENDS safety concerns have emerged as device features and formats that contribute to heavy metal exposure and toxicity continue to evolve and outpace regulatory efforts.
Objectives: Our objective was to integrate ENDS emission profiles with salivary proteome and metabolome data to characterize exposure factors that may influence adverse vaping-mediated health outcomes.
Anal Chem
January 2025
Forensic Research & Development Department, Institute of Environmental Science and Research, PO Box 50348, Porirua 5240, New Zealand.
Electrochemical aptamer-based biosensors (E-aptasensors) are emerging platforms for point-of-care (POC) detection of complex biofluids. Human saliva particularly offers a noninvasive matrix and unprecedented convenience for detecting illicit drugs, such as cocaine. However, the sensitivity of cocaine E-aptasensors is significantly compromised in saliva.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNicotine Tob Res
December 2024
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Introduction: Prior research suggests that the e-Cigarette Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (e-WISDM) distinguishes primary (e-PDM) and secondary dependence (e-SDM), however, there is little research on these e-WISDM dimensions and prior research comprised dual users (using cigarettes and e-cigarettes) and those using older generations of e-cigarettes.
Methods: Those exclusively using contemporary e-cigarettes (N = 164) completed the e-WISDM and a laboratory self-administration session and rated pre-use expectancies and post-use experiences.
Results: Only a 1-factor model limited to the primary scales (Automaticity, Tolerance, Craving, Loss of Control) achieved good model fit.
Rom J Morphol Embryol
November 2024
Discipline of Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iaşi, Romania;
Metastases are the most common tumors of the spine. As an important increase in the annual incidence of spinal metastases (SMs) has been observed in the last decade, the aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology and histopathological types of SMs surgically treated in the Neurosurgery Clinics of a Regional Hospital in North-Eastern Romania over a period of five years, in order to define a certain tumor profile that would benefit from an early screening. We retrospectively evaluated 115 adult patients, searching for demographic data (gender and age of the patients), primary tumor characteristics (location and histological type), topography of the SMs, and the time interval between the diagnosis of the primary tumor and the surgery for the SMs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lawrence Technological University, 21000 W 10 Mile Road, Southfield, MI 48075, USA.
To monitor health risks associated with vaping, we introduce a multi-spectral optical sensor powered by machine learning for real-time characterization of electronic cigarette aerosols. The sensor can accurately measure the mass of particulate matter (PM) in specific particle size channels, providing essential information for estimating lung deposition of vaping aerosols. For the sensor's input, wavelength-specific optical attenuation signals are acquired for three separate wavelengths in the ultraviolet, red, and near-infrared range, and the inhalation pressure is collected from a pressure sensor.
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