Outcomes of ulnar nerve decompression for double crush syndrome.

Background: Double crush syndrome (DCS) of the ulnar nerve, including cubital tunnel syndrome with ulnar tunnel syndrome (UTS), is uncommon. This study compares the postoperative outcomes of patients with isolated ulnar tunnel syndrome versus those with double crush syndrome of the elbow and ulnar tunnel.

Methods: This study enrolled 22 patients: 12 underwent cubital tunnel surgery and ulnar tunnel surgery (double crush group); and 10 underwent only ulnar tunnel decompression (isolated UTS group). Postoperative effect evaluation of patients in both groups after at least 2.6 years (mean, 5.1 years and 5.7 years, respectively). Statistical analysis compared postoperative function, physical examination, and patient-reported satisfaction between groups.

Results: In terms of postoperative grip strength, there was no difference between the postoperative states of the two groups (0.88 ± 0.04 versus 0.87 ± 0.05), while there was statistical difference in terms of the increment of the grip strength ( = 0.036); the two-point discrimination of isolated UTS group is better than the double crush group (90% versus 83.3%); double crush patients reported lower satisfaction than the UTS group (90% versus 83.3%).

Conclusions: At a minimum of 2.6 years after the nerve decompression, the patients of isolated UTS group are likely to have superior grip strength increment than patients with a history of double crush surgery, and there is no big difference in the final recovery situation. The sensation and satisfaction of isolated UTS group after nerve release were better compared with patients following double crush surgery.