The Genetic Polymorphisms in Colon Cancer.

Colon cancer (CC) belongs to a widespread malignant progression from the digestive tract. Moreover, CC is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It was suggested that there are several causative risk factors, among which are genetic factors that play an important role in the predisposition and development of CC. Unfortunately, despite continuous vigorous research going back more than two decades regarding molecular genetics and epigenetics on the issues of CC, there were no suitable prognostic and predictive molecular biomarkers identified until now. There are several susceptible genes for CC. Researchers are still unsure about the mechanisms regarding the genetic predisposition and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The SNPs are considered to be clinically important aspotential diagnostics and therapeutic biomarkers in the future. Thus, in this review, we revise some gene SNPs involved in inducing CC.