Clinical Challenges in Managing Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 2: A Report From a Cross-sectional Survey.

Objectives: The aims of the study were to determine the management strategies offered to women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 (CIN 2) and the attitude of colposcopists toward its histological diagnosis and to identify the criteria used to select women for conservative management.

Methods: Colposcopists working in Spain were invited to participate in an online questionnaire via the Spanish Gynecology and Colposcopy Societies. The survey included 42 questions covering the 3 objectives of the study. One hundred eighty-two colposcopists representing all autonomous regions in Spain responded. The response rate was 26.2%, considering the total number of members.

Results: Most colposcopists offer conservative management in selected cases (153/182). The preferred follow-up interval is 6 months (65%), followed by 3-4 months (30%). Observation was considered no longer appropriate after 24 months (29.5%) and 12 months (26.3%), and 24.3% expressed that it depended on women's plan to conceive. During conservative management, 93.9% always perform a cytology, 62.7% human papillomavirus testing, 96.8% colposcopy, 47.9% cervical biopsy, and 28.1% endocervical curettage. Forty-five percent consider that CIN 2 merely represents a misclassified CIN 1 or CIN 3, whereas 46.2% think that CIN 2 lesions are unlikely to regress. Most respondents considered that age older than 40 years (81.3%), human papillomavirus 16 infection (62.1%), HIV infection (76.8%), positive p16 immunostaining (60.2%), a large lesion occupying more than 50% of the cervix (87%), endocervical involvement (91.6%), and previous treatment for CIN 2-3 (77%) are contraindications for conservative management.

Conclusions: Management of CIN 2 remains challenging for colposcopists, and a lack of consensus still exists in clinical practice. A better understanding of the natural history of CIN 2 and its clinical outcomes is still necessary to guide clinicians in its management.