Expression of Claudin-1 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs) and its significance.

Background: A large body of scientific evidence points to the important roles of tight junction proteins in tumor development, progression and dissemination. The larynx has only a few studies, analyzing the role of this group of junctional proteins in its oncogenesis. In this study, the author sheds some light on the expression and possible role of claudin-1 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas.

Materials And Methods: This study analyzed the expression of claudin-1, using immunohistochemistry, in a tissue microarray of 80 cases of laryngeal squamous cell cancers. Clinicopathological parameters were analyzed according to claudin-1 expression in the tissue microarray. Furthermore, the expression of slug/snail1, an Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) linked protein, was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in the same microarray, and the expressions of the two proteins were assessed for correlation.

Results: A significant majority of laryngeal squamous cell cancers exhibited positive expression of claudin-1 proteins. The majority of those tumors expressed claudin-1 in their cytoplasm. The overall majority of those same tumors also exhibited a cytoplasmic shift of the slug-snail-1 protein from the nuclei to the cytoplasm. There was also evidence of correlation of the two proteins' expressions in the cytoplasm of laryngeal tumors.

Conclusion: The above may suggest a role for claudin-1 in the development and progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Overall, claudin-1's aberrant expression in laryngeal cancer is in line with evidence seen in other head and neck cancers. Its co-expression with slug/snail-1 in LSCC patients should be investigated further to understand the nature of the relationship of the two proteins in LSCC and their possible contribution to its development and progression.