The association of pancreatic cancer with type 2 diabetes mellitus was investigated by H NMR metabolomic analysis of blood plasma. Concentration data of 58 metabolites enabled discrimination of pancreatic cancer (PC) patients from healthy controls (HC) and long-term type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. A panel of eight metabolites was proposed and successfully tested for group discrimination. Furthermore, a prediction model for the identification of at-risk individuals for future development of pancreatic cancer was built and tested on recent-onset diabetes mellitus (RODM) patients. Six of 59 RODM samples were assessed as PC with an accuracy of more than 80%. The health condition of these individuals was re-examined, and in four cases, a correlation to the prediction was found. The current health condition can be retrospectively attributed to misdiagnosed pancreatogenic diabetes or to early-stage pancreatic cancer.
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