AI Article Synopsis
- The study compares diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques in evaluating brain microstructural changes in Alzheimer's disease (AzD) patients.
- It involved 27 AzD patients and 25 controls, analyzing brain imaging data across 98 regions to assess changes in both white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM).
- Results showed that both imaging methods identified microstructural abnormalities, with DKI revealing limited changes primarily in regions related to cognition, while DTI showed broader increases in diffusivity measures.
Article Abstract
Objective: Comparative evaluation of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) using a whole-brain atlas to comprehensively evaluate microstructural changes in the brain of Alzheimer disease (AzD) patients.
Methods: Twenty-seven AzD patients and 25 age-matched controls were included. MRI data was analyzed using a whole-brain atlas with inclusion of 98 region of interests. White matter (WM) microstructural changes were assessed by Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), Kurtosis fractional anisotropy (KFA), mean kurtosis (MK), axial kurtosis (AK) and radial kurtosis (RK). Gray matter (GM) integrity was evaluated using KFA, MK, RK, AK and MD. Comparison of the DKI and DTI metrics were done using student t-test (p ≤ 0.001).
Results: In AzD patients widespread increase in MD, AD and RD were found in various WM and GM region of interests. The extent of abnormality for DKI parameters was more limited in both GM and WM regions and revealed reduced kurtosis values except in lentiform nuclei. Both DKI and DTI parameters were sensitive to detect abnormality in WM areas with coherent and complex fiber arrangement. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for hippocampal values revealed the highest specificity of 88% for AK <0.6965 and highest sensitivity of 95.2% for MD >1.2659.
Conclusion: AzD patients have microstructural changes in both WM and GM and are well-depicted by both DKI and DTI. The alterations in kurtosis parameters, however, are more limited and correlate with areas in the brain primarily involved in cognition.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2021.01.018 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Characterizing the Effect of Repetitive Head Impact Exposure and mTBI on Adolescent Collision Sports Players' Brain with Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
J Neurotrauma
December 2024
Mātai Medical Research Institute, Gisborne, New Zealand.
Athletes in collision sports frequently sustain repetitive head impacts (RHI), which, while not individually severe enough for a clinical mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) diagnosis, can compromise neuronal organization by transferring mechanical energy to the brain. Although numerous studies target athletes with mTBI, there is a lack of longitudinal research on young collision sport participants, highlighting an unaddressed concern regarding cumulative RHI effects on brain microstructures. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the microstructural changes in the brains' of high school rugby players due to repeated head impacts and to establish a correlation between clinical symptoms, cumulative effects of RHI exposure, and changes in the brain's microstructure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn Situ Monitoring of Mechanofluorescence in Polymeric Nanofibers.
Macromol Rapid Commun
December 2024
Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, Bologna, 40126, Italy.
Mechanofluorescent polymers represent a promising class of materials exhibiting fluorescence changes in response to mechanical stimuli. One approach to fabricating these polymers involves incorporating aggregachromic dyes, whose emission properties are governed by the intermolecular distance, which can, in turn, be readily altered by microstructural changes in the surrounding polymer matrix during mechanical deformation. In this study, a mechanofluorescent additive featuring excimer-forming oligo(p-phenylene vinylene) dyes (tOPV) is incorporated into electrospun polyurethane fibers, producing mats of fibers with diameters ranging from 300 to 700 nm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncreased White Matter Aerobic Glycolysis in Multiple Sclerosis.
Ann Neurol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Objective: Despite treatments which reduce relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS), many patients continue to experience progressive disability accumulation. MS is associated with metabolic disruptions and cerebral metabolic stress predisposes to tissue injury and possibly impaired remyelination. Additionally, myelin homeostasis is metabolically expensive and reliant on glycolysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructured Polymers Enable the Sustained Delivery of Glucocorticoids within the Intra-Articular Space.
Adv Healthc Mater
December 2024
Dept of Biomedical Sciences. Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Intra-articular glucocorticoid injections are effective in controlling inflammation and pain in arthritides but restricted by short duration of action and risk of joint degeneration. Controlled drug release using biocompatible hydrogels offers a unique solution, but limitations of in situ gelation restrict their application. Gellan sheared hydrogels (GSHs) retain the advantages of hydrogels, however their unique microstructures lend themselves to intra-articular application - capable of shear thinning under force but restructuring at rest to enhance residence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe contributions of relative brain viscosity to brain function and health.
Brain Commun
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Magnetic resonance elastography has emerged over the last two decades as a non-invasive method for quantitatively measuring the mechanical properties of the brain. Since the inception of the technology, brain stiffness has been the primary metric used to describe brain microstructural mechanics. However, more recently, a secondary measure has emerged as both theoretical and experimental significance, which is the ratio of tissue viscosity relative to tissue elasticity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!