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Effect of Metformin on Meibomian Gland Epithelial Cells: Implications in Aging and Diabetic Dry Eye Disease.
Life (Basel)
December 2024
Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Background: Metformin, a commonly prescribed medication for managing diabetes, has garnered increasing interest as a potential therapeutic option for combating cancer and aging.
Methods: The current study investigated the effects of metformin treatment on human meibomian gland epithelial cells (hMGECs) at morphological, molecular, and electron microscopy levels. HMGECs were stimulated in vitro with 1 mM, 5 mM, and 10 mM metformin for 24, 48, and 72 h.
The role of PPAR in fungal keratitis.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
The treatment of fungal keratitis(FK) remains challenging due to delayed fungal detection and the limited effectiveness of antifungal drugs. Fungal infection can activate both innate and adaptive immune responses in the cornea. Fungi stimulate the production of oxidative stress-related biomarkers and mediate the infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReproducibility and within-subject variability of HRK-9000A meibography in normal young participants.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt
January 2025
Department of Optometry and Vision Science, Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem, Israel.
Purpose: Reliable assessment is critical for diagnosing and managing meibomian gland dysfunction. Multi-functional diagnostic devices, such as meibographers, streamline clinical workflows by integrating multiple ocular assessments. Ensuring reproducibility across examiners is vital for accurate diagnosis and monitoring of treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtrophic meibomian gland dysfunction induced by eyelid margin cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
To develop an atrophic Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) animal model via liquid nitrogen cryotherapy, the eyelid edges of C57 mice exposure to liquid nitrogen for 30 s. Morphology of MG and ocular surface were assessed using stereomicroscopy and a slit lamp microscope at multiple time points post-injury. Acinar loss and atrophy were observed from day 7, with increased inflammation and apoptosis, and decreased proliferation in acinar cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn update on emerging pharmacological treatments for meibomian gland dysfunction.
Expert Opin Pharmacother
January 2025
Eye Clinic, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
Introduction: Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) represents the most common cause of dry eye disease (DED). Traditional treatments mainly rely on heating and liquifying the meibum to favor its expression. However, recent knowledge advances have led to the development of novel therapies specifically designed for patients with MGD.
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