The aortic plexus serves as the primary gateway for sympathetic fibers innervating the pelvic viscera. Damage to this plexus and/or its associated branches can lead to an assortment of neurogenic complications such as bladder dysregulation or retrograde ejaculation. The neuroanatomy of this autonomic plexus has only recently been clarified in humans; as such, the precise function of its constituent fibers is still not clear. Further study into the functional neuroanatomy of the aortic plexus could help refine nerve-sparing surgical procedures that risk debilitating neurogenic complications, while also advancing understanding of peripheral sympathetic circuitry. To this end, the current study employed an in vivo electrostimulation paradigm in a porcine model, in combination with lipophilic neuronal tracing experiments in fixed, post-mortem human tissues, to further characterize the functional neuroanatomy of the aortic plexus. Electrostimulation results demonstrated that caudal lumbar splanchnic nerves provide primary control over the porcine bladder neck in comparison to other constituent fibers within the aortic plexus. Ex vivo human data revealed that the prehypogastric ganglion contains a significant number of neurons projecting to the superior hypogastric plexus, and that these neurons are arranged in a topographic manner within the ganglion. Altogether, these findings suggest that a pivotal sympathetic pathway mediating bladder neck contraction courses through the caudal lumbar splanchnic nerves, prehypogastric and inferior mesenteric ganglia and superior hypogastric plexus.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2021.102785 | DOI Listing |
Int J Retina Vitreous
December 2024
Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Qarani Blvd, Mashhad, 9195965919, Iran.
Background: To evaluate the correlation of macular vessel density (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters measured on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) with systemic arterial stiffness using pulse wave velocity (PWV), pulse wave analysis, arterial age, and central blood pressure (CBP) measurements in healthy subjects.
Methods: In a comparative, cross-sectional, observational study, healthy adults who participated in the PERSIAN Cohort study at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were included in this study. The study involved using a spectral domain OCTA device to obtain 3 × 3 and 6 × 6 mm scans of the macular superficial capillary plexus (SCP) VD, deep capillary plexus (DCP) VD, and FAZ vascular analysis.
Pain Physician
November 2024
Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.
Background: The neurolytic celiac plexus block (NCPB) can be introduced through the posterior para-aortic, anterior para-aortic, posterior transaortic, or endoscopic anterior para-aortic puncture approach, as well as the posterior approach via the intervertebral disc. To reduce the complications of puncture, this block's original manual blind puncture technique can be improved upon by using a C-arm fluoroscope, computed tomography (CT), or an ultrasound, the last of which may be endoscopic.
Objective: To observe the distribution of absolute alcohol and its analgesic effect on cancer-induced upper abdominal visceral pain during percutaneous NCPB through the anterior and posterior diaphragmatic crura under CT guidance.
Arq Gastroenterol
November 2024
Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Departamento de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo , Brasil.
Nutrients
September 2024
Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.
Background: Capsaicin, a bioactive compound found in peppers, is recognized for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-lipidemic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of capsaicin on atherosclerosis progression.
Methods: Apolipoprotein E knockout mice and their C57BL/6 controls were utilized to assess blood lipid profile, inflammatory status, and atherosclerotic lesions.
Cureus
August 2024
Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, GBR.
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