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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7896603PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-241533DOI Listing

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Article Synopsis
  • Leiomyomas are non-cancerous tumors of the uterine smooth muscle that can have various forms and are known to undergo secondary changes, sometimes resembling more serious conditions.
  • A rare type called cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma (CDL) can appear as large, abnormal masses, leading to misdiagnosis as cancer due to its size and complexity.
  • The article includes a case study of a 65-year-old woman with CDL, highlighting the need for awareness among healthcare professionals to prevent unnecessary aggressive treatments.
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Uterine leiomyomas are a frequent finding in women of reproductive age. However, rare, unusual growth patterns exist, such as atypical, cellular, mitotically active, myxoid, and epithelioid leiomyomas, and present a major concern as they mimic highly malignant uterine tumors such as uterine leiomyosarcomas. An example of such cases is the epithelial type leiomyoma which is the subject of our report in a 35-year-old female.

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Leiomyomas are common hormone-responsive uterine neoplasms which can exhibit a variety of morphologic changes secondary to hormonal agents such as progestogens. They may increase in size during pregnancy as a result of hormonal stimulation but surprisingly the morphologic features of leiomyomas in pregnancy are not well described in the literature. In this report, we describe the morphologic features of a series of 29 uterine leiomyomas in pregnancy.

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Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas), rare mesenchymal tumors with myomelanocytic differentiation, can be a diagnostic challenge, often requiring a panel of immunohistochemical markers. Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is a relatively new antigen with utility in diagnosing melanomas. This study aimed to survey PRAME expression patterns in the PEComa family of tumors and morphologic mimics.

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Malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) of the uterus.

BMC Womens Health

December 2022

Department of Gynecology Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China.

Background: Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) of the uterus is a rare type of mesenchymal tumors associated with myelomelanocytic differentiation and distinctive histological appearances. So far, the reported cases of uterine PEComas are usually benign. Documented malignant cases with aggressive behavior appear to be less common.

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