Associations between ambient particulate matter exposure and platelet counts are inconsistent in previous studies, and study on the effect of long-term exposure especially in Asian populations is limited. We explored the associations between long-term PM (particulate matter < 2.5 μm) exposure and platelet counts using a prospective cohort study in Northeast China. We used a logistic regression model to analyze the effects of different PM increments and platelet count elevation. Mixed linear models were used to analyze the association between PM concentration and platelet counts. Interaction and sub-group analyses were also conducted. Results showed that every 1 μg/m increment of PM exposure was associated with 0.29% (95%CI: 0.25-0.32%) increase in platelet counts and 10% (95%CI: 8-12%) higher risk of platelet elevation. Effects of long-term PM exposure on platelet elevation were stronger in male participants, of Han ethnicity, and without diabetes. Long-term PM exposure would increase platelet counts in adults in Northeast area of China, which might add more evidence to the potential biological mechanisms responsible for the effect of air pollution exposure on cardiovascular disease.
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