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HIV drug resistance following pre-exposure prophylaxis failure among key populations in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.
Ther Adv Infect Dis
December 2024
Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Background: Key populations (KP) are highly vulnerable to HIV acquisition and account for 70% of new infections worldwide. To optimize HIV prevention among KP, the World Health Organization recommends the combination of emtricitabine plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). However, PrEP failure could be attributed to drug resistance mutations (DRMs) but this is unexplored in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-world experience of tixagevimab/cilgavimab prophylaxis in Japanese patients with immunodeficiency.
J Infect Chemother
December 2024
Department of Child Health and Development, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8519, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes severe illness and mortality in patients with immunodeficiency. Although vaccination has been recommended, the induction of protective antibodies by immunization, and thus the disease-preventive effect, has proven insufficient in immunodeficient patients, especially in those with predominantly antibody deficiency. A monoclonal antibody combination of tixagevimab and cilgavimab (TIX/CIL) was developed as a pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhere do we go from here? Reconciling implementation failure of PrEP for Black women in the South. Leveraging critical realism to identify unaddressed barriers as we move forward.
Front Reprod Health
November 2024
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Introduction: PrEP, a highly effective HIV prevention measure, provides autonomy to individuals in managing their HIV acquisition vulnerability. Despite its availability in tenofovir-based oral pills and injectable cabotegravir formulations, PrEP uptake among Black cisgender women in the U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNovel approaches for preventing COVID-19 infection in immunocompromised patients with hematologic malignancies.
Expert Rev Hematol
December 2024
Infectious Diseases, Rabin Medical Center (Beilinson Campus), Petah Tikva, Israel.
Introduction: COVID-19 is a continuing challenge for immunocompromised patients with hematological malignancies. Such patients are at increased risk for complications, including hospitalization, respiratory failure, delayed anti-cancer therapies, and even death. In addition to non-pharmacologic interventions, the main strategies for prevention in such patients are vaccination and pre-exposure prophylaxis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpaired pheromone detection and abnormal sexual behavior in female mice deficient for ancV1R.
Curr Biol
November 2024
Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan; Center for Integrative Biosciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - The ancient vomeronasal receptor type-1 (ancV1R) is important for pheromone sensing and is found in many vertebrates, but its specific function is not yet fully understood.
- - Researchers studied female mice lacking ancV1R and found that these mice showed rejection of male sexual behavior and did not respond to male urine as potential mating cues.
- - The absence of ancV1R disrupted the normal physiological responses in the vomeronasal organ, leading to abnormal sexual behaviors and increased stress responses when in contact with males, suggesting its key role in mate recognition.
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