Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
Published: January 2021
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Background: Multipotent bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are adult stem cells that form functional osteoblasts and play a critical role in bone remodeling. During aging, an increase in bone loss and reduction in structural integrity lead to osteoporosis and result in an increased risk of fracture. We examined age-dependent histological changes in murine vertebrae and uncovered that bone loss begins as early as the age of 1 mo.
Aim: To identify the functional alterations and transcriptomic dynamics of BMSCs during early bone loss.
Methods: We collected BMSCs from mice at early to middle ages and compared their self-renewal and differentiation potential. Subsequently, we obtained the transcriptomic profiles of BMSCs at 1 mo, 3 mo, and 7 mo.
Results: The colony-forming and osteogenic commitment capacity showed a comparable finding that decreased at the age of 1 mo. The transcriptomic analysis showed the enrichment of osteoblastic regulation genes at 1 mo and loss of osteogenic features at 3 mo. The BMSCs at 7 mo showed enrichment of adipogenic and DNA repair features. Moreover, we demonstrated that the WNT and MAPK signaling pathways were upregulated at 1 mo, followed by increased pro-inflammatory and apoptotic features.
Conclusion: Our study uncovered the cellular and molecular dynamics of bone aging in mice and demonstrated the contribution of BMSCs to the early stage of age-related bone loss.
Introduction: Bone remodeling around implants in implant-supported rehabilitation is a continuous debate with no consensus in the literature. This study aimed to investigate the implant- and patient-specific factors contributing to marginal bone loss near the implant.
Materials And Methods: We included patients who had implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitation using one implant system, between 2014 and 2018, who had full follow-up documentation and orthopantomography over five years, and who had no unwell-controlled systemic pathologies that may influence bone metabolism.
Posterior shoulder instability (PSI) is a shoulder pathology that is challenging to diagnose, leading to treatment delay and exacerbation of symptoms. Etiology can be both traumatic and atraumatic, and a comprehensive clinical history plays a significant role in achieving diagnosis. Imaging in the setting of PSI can reveal a reverse-Bankart lesion, a reverse Hill-Sachs lesion, posterior labral cysts, and potentially glenoid or lesser tuberosity fractures.
As the population ages, the occurrence of osteoporosis is becoming more common. Diabetes mellitus is one of the factors in the development of osteoporosis. Compared with the general population, the incidence of osteoporosis is significantly higher in diabetic patients.
Sclerostin, a protein synthesized by bone cells, is a product of the gene. Sclerostin is a potent soluble inhibitor of the WNT signaling pathway, and is known to inhibit bone formation by inhibiting osteocyte differentiation and function. Currently, sclerostin has been the subject of numerous animal experiments and clinical investigations.
Background: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) procedures have become much more common in the United States in recent years, with >40,000 UKAs performed annually. However, it is estimated that 10% to 40% of UKAs fail and thus require conversion to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). In the field of total joint arthroplasty, robotic-assisted surgeries have demonstrated advantages such as better accuracy and precision of implant positioning and improved restoration of a neutral mechanical axis.
