Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Although the etiology of MS is unknown, genetics and environmental factors, such as infections, play a role. Viral infections of mice have been used as model systems to study this demyelinating disease of humans. Three viruses that have long been studied in this capacity are Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus, mouse hepatitis virus, and Semliki Forest virus. This review describes the viruses themselves, the infection process, the disease caused by infection and its accompanying pathology, and the model systems and their usefulness in studying MS.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7882042 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-021-04968-5 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Neuropathological contributions to grey matter atrophy and white matter hyperintensities in amnestic dementia.
Alzheimers Res Ther
January 2025
Laboratory for Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, IdISSC, Crta M40, km38, Madrid, 28223, Spain.
Background: Dementia patients commonly present multiple neuropathologies, worsening cognitive function, yet structural neuroimaging signatures of dementia have not been positioned in the context of combined pathology. In this study, we implemented an MRI voxel-based approach to explore combined and independent effects of dementia pathologies on grey and white matter structural changes.
Methods: In 91 amnestic dementia patients with post-mortem brain donation, grey matter density and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burdens were obtained from pre-mortem MRI and analyzed in relation to Alzheimer's, vascular, Lewy body, TDP-43, and hippocampal sclerosis (HS) pathologies.
Virtual reality-based neuroproprioceptive physiotherapy in multiple sclerosis: a protocol for a double-arm randomised assessor-blinded controlled trial on upper extremity function, postural function and quality of life, with molecular and functional MRI assessment.
BMJ Open
January 2025
Department of Rheumatology and Physiotherapy, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
Introduction: Upper limb (UL) impairment is common in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), and functional recovery of the UL is a key rehabilitation goal. Technology-based approaches, like virtual reality (VR), are increasingly promising. While most VR environments are task-oriented, our clinical approach integrates neuroproprioceptive 'facilitation and inhibition' (NFI) principles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep learning MRI models for the differential diagnosis of tumefactive demyelination versus -wildtype glioblastoma.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol
January 2025
From the Department of Radiology (GMC, MM, YN, BJE), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (PAD, MLK, JEEP), Department of Neurology (CBM, JAS, MWR, FSG, HKP, DHL, WOT), Department of Neurosurgery (TCB), Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (RBJ), and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology (WOT), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Dell Medical School (MFE), University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.
Background And Purpose: Diagnosis of tumefactive demyelination can be challenging. The diagnosis of indeterminate brain lesions on MRI often requires tissue confirmation via brain biopsy. Noninvasive methods for accurate diagnosis of tumor and non-tumor etiologies allows for tailored therapy, optimal tumor control, and a reduced risk of iatrogenic morbidity and mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFAST: Fast, free, consistent, and unsupervised oligodendrocyte segmentation and tracking system.
eNeuro
January 2025
Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center (PennSIVE), Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, USA.
To develop reparative therapies for neurological disorders like multiple sclerosis (MS), we need to better understand the physiology of loss and replacement of oligodendrocytes, the cells that make myelin and are the target of damage in MS. In vivo two-photon fluorescence microscopy allows direct visualization of oligodendrocytes in the intact brain of transgenic mouse models, promising a deeper understanding of the longitudinal dynamics of replacing oligodendrocytes after damage. However, the task of tracking the fate of individual oligodendrocytes requires extensive effort for manual annotation and is especially challenging in three-dimensional images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Medial Olivocochlear Efferents on Speech Discrimination in Noise in Multiple Sclerosis.
Noise Health
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
Background: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience difficulties in understanding speech in noise despite having normal hearing.
Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between speech discrimination in noise (SDN) and medial olivocochlear reflex levels and to compare MS patients with a control group.
Material And Methods: Sixty participants with normal hearing, comprising 30 MS patients and 30 healthy controls, were included.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!