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Diarrheal Mechanisms and the Role of Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Campylobacter Infections.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol
February 2021
Institute of Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.
Campylobacter enteritis is the most common cause of foodborne bacterial diarrhea in humans. Although various studies have been performed to clarify the pathomechanism in Campylobacter infection, the mechanism itself and bacterial virulence factors are yet not completely understood. The purpose of this chapter is to (i) give an overview on Campylobacter-induced diarrheal mechanisms, (ii) illustrate underlying barrier defects, (iii) explain the role of the mucosal immune response and (iv) weigh preventive and therapeutic approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMysterious oil spill on Brazilian coast: Analysis and estimates.
Mar Pollut Bull
April 2021
Departamento de Ciências Atmosféricas, Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Universidade de São Paulo, IAG/USP, Rua do Matão, 1226, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- A mysterious oil spill impacted a large section of the Brazilian coast in 2019-2020, prompting a study to estimate the volume of oil released using the Spill, Transport and Fate Model (STFM).
- The research hypothesizes that the spill was caused by issues like tanker buoyancy problems, leading to a gradual leak of oil from the vessel into the ocean.
- The estimated spill volume ranged from 5,000 to 12,500 cubic meters, suggesting it could be the largest spill in Brazil since 2004, which strained institutional resources and led to socioeconomic challenges.
Clarification regarding the likely leak of a novel viral strain from a Soviet laboratory (referring to https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.202000091).
Bioessays
April 2021
Karl Sirotkin, LLC, Lake Mary, Florida, USA.
Effect of preoperative nutritional supplementation on postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy for cancer: a systematic review protocol.
JBI Evid Synth
July 2021
Department of Surgery, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
Objective: This review aims to present the best available evidence related to the effect of preoperative nutritional supplementation on postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy for cancer.
Introduction: Pancreaticoduodenectomy surgery is the only curative option for early head of pancreas and periampullary cancers. This complex, high-risk procedure is associated with significant morbidity, making opportunities to improve outcomes paramount.
Anastomotic leak in colorectal cancer patients: New insights and perspectives.
Eur J Surg Oncol
June 2020
Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS -, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Mi) - Italy; Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele - Milan, Italy. Electronic address:
Anastomotic leak (AL) remains a potentially life-threatening sequela of colorectal surgery impacting on mortality, short- and long-term morbidity, quality of life, local recurrence (LR) and disease-free survival. Despite technical improvements and the identification of several surgery- and patient-related factors associated to the risk of AL, its incidence has not significantly changed over time. In this context, the clarification of the mechanisms underlying anastomotic healing remains an important unmet need, crucial for improving patients' outcomes.
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