Flagellimonas hymeniacidonis sp. nov., Isolated from the Sponge Hymeniacidon sinapium.

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, aerobic, yellow-pigmented, marine bacterium (designated strain 176CP5-101) was isolated from a sponge Hymeniacidon sinapium from Cheongpo beach, Taean in Republic of Korea. The strain was able to grow at pH 6.8-8.5 (optimum at pH 7.5), in 1-7% (w/v) NaCl (optimum at 3%, w/v) and at 10-30 °C (optimum at 30 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 176CP5-101 belonged to the family Flavobacteriaceae and was most closely related to Flagellimonas aquimarina KCTC 52351 (97.1%), F. algicola KACC 19790 (97.0%), F. pacifica KCTC 52762 (96.9%), F. eckloniae KCCM 42307 (96.4%), F. flava KCTC 22665 (96.0%), and F. maritima KCTC 32464 (95.4%). Average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strain 176CP5-101 and F. aquimarina KCTC 52351 were, respectively, 79.9% and 22.1%, indicating that 176CP5-101 is a novel species of the genus Flagellimonas. The DNA G + C content of the genomic DNA was 37.8 mol%. Menaquinone with six isoprene units (MK-6) was the major respiratory quinone, and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), unidentified aminophospholipid, and unidentified lipids. The fatty acids are mainly (> 5%) defined iso-C, iso-C 3-OH, iso-C G, iso-C 3-OH, and C ω7c and/or C ω6c (summed feature 3). Phenotypic, phylogenetic, genomic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics showed that strain 176CP5-101 represents a novel species of the genus Flagellimonas, for which the name Flagellimonas hymeniacidonis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 176CP5-101 (= KACC 19892 = LMG 31316).