AI Article Synopsis

  • * The experiment involved various groups of rats, with some receiving MA extract, others receiving only carcinogens, and one group receiving MA before exposure to these carcinogens over a three-month period.
  • * Results showed that MA extract significantly reduced cancer progression, improved liver health markers, and enhanced apoptosis in liver cells, suggesting it may have a chemo-preventive effect against liver cancer.

Article Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. (MA) fruits have been found to possess proanthocyanidins (PACs), having antioxidant activity. Intraperitoneal (IP) diethyl nitrosamine (DENA; 200 mg/kg, once) and carbon tetra chloride (CCl, 3 ml/kg/week, subcutaneously, for 6 weeks) induced HCC in rats. Animals groups: Group I; received vehicle (control). Group II; received MA seed extract, 100 mg/kg (twice/week) for 12 weeks, IP. Group III; received carcinogenic agents only. Group IV; received MA for two weeks before administration of DENA/CCl till the end of the experiment. The total period of the experiment was three months. DENA and CCl4 induced HCC, elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), liver size, weight, tissue lymphocytic infiltration, nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, collagen fiber and polysaccharide deposition, cellular proliferation, excessive pro-apoptotic caspase-3 accumulation, disrupted apoptosis. MA prior to DENA/CCl, significantly protected liver against cancer progression, indicated by serum enzymes, antioxidant markers(glutathione, nitric oxide, and depressed malondialdehyde contents) in the MA-pretreated group, compared to the HCC one, without apparent useful action on superoxide dismutase activity, enhanced apoptosis in liver, through increased casapase-3 expression. The HCC group showed decreased antioxidant defense and BAX/ ratio. This study assumes that MA has a chemo-preventive effect against hepatocarcinogenesis.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2021.1883683DOI Listing

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