PTM-Shepherd: Analysis and Summarization of Post-Translational and Chemical Modifications From Open Search Results.

Mol Cell Proteomics

Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. Electronic address:

Published: March 2022

Open searching has proven to be an effective strategy for identifying both known and unknown modifications in shotgun proteomics experiments. Rather than being limited to a small set of user-specified modifications, open searches identify peptides with any mass shift that may correspond to a single modification or a combination of several modifications. Here we present PTM-Shepherd, a bioinformatics tool that automates characterization of post-translational modification profiles detected in open searches based on attributes, such as amino acid localization, fragmentation spectra similarity, retention time shifts, and relative modification rates. PTM-Shepherd can also perform multiexperiment comparisons for studying changes in modification profiles, e.g., in data generated in different laboratories or under different conditions. We demonstrate how PTM-Shepherd improves the analysis of data from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples, detects extreme underalkylation of cysteine in some data sets, discovers an artifactual modification introduced during peptide synthesis, and uncovers site-specific biases in sample preparation artifacts in a multicenter proteomics profiling study.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7950090PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.TIR120.002216DOI Listing

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