Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) play key roles in promoting the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of cancer cell. Inactivation of FGFRs by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) has achieved great success in tumor-targeted therapy. However, resistance to FGFR-TKI has become a concern. Here, we review the mechanisms of FGFR-TKI resistance in cancer, including gatekeeper mutations, alternative signaling pathway activation, lysosome-mediated TKI sequestration, and gene fusion. In addition, we summarize strategies to overcome resistance, including developing covalent inhibitors, developing dual-target inhibitors, adopting combination therapy, and targeting lysosomes, which will facilitate the transition to precision medicine and individualized treatment.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7876795 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13045-021-01040-2 | DOI Listing |
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- A case study of a bladder cancer patient highlighted the genomic alterations before and after developing resistance to the drug pazopanib, revealing a significant increase in mutations post-resistance and involvement of epigenetic regulators.
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