Background: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) remains a significant cause of diarrhea that affects children worldwide. It is usually caused by viral agents, including rotavirus (RV), norovirus (NoV), adenovirus (AdV), astrovirus (AstV), and sapovirus (SaV), and the disease severity varies accordingly. Here, we report the association of clinical severity among AGE-infected pediatrics caused by a single viral pathogen, coinfection (viral-viral), mixed infection (viral-bacterial), and AGE-negative samples.
Methods: A total of 901 pediatric patients were admitted with AGE to the Pediatric Emergency Center of Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar from June 2016 to June 2018. The age of the subjects ranged between 3 months and 14 years (median of 16 months). Virus antigens detection was performed by using Film Array Gastrointestinal (GI) Panel kit. AGE severity was assessed using the Vesikari Clinical Severity Scoring System. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression was used to model the five AGE viral agents' likelihood in relation to severity versus co-infection, mixed infection, and AGE-negative samples.
Results: AGE was most common in pediatrics aged 1-3 years (median age = 1.25 years) and more frequent in males than females, with a ratio of 1:0.8. About 19.2% of the infections were caused by NoV, followed by RV (18.2%), AdV (6.5%), SaV (2.3%), and AstV (1.8%). The majority of viral agents were detected higher in mixed infection (32.1%) than coinfection (4.9%). Based on the Vesikari score system, severe clinical illness was recorded among pediatrics infected with RV (82.2%) and NoV (75.7%). Further on multivariable analysis, compared to testing negative, the odds of detecting RV was three times significantly higher in children with severe symptoms relative to those with moderate (adjusted-odds ratio [a-OR] = 3.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.82-5.28). Similar results were observed when considering RV relative to co-infection and mixed infection (a-OR = 2.59; 95% CI = 1.23-5.48 and a-OR = 2.06; 1.28-3.30, respectively). About one-third of the study sample were Qatari children with AGE (33%), whereas 35% and 32% were pediatrics from the Middle East and North Africa region, excluding Qatari and nonregions.
Conclusion: This study underlines the association of disease severity among AGE-infected pediatrics in Qatar. The overall Vesikari median score was significantly high, followed by more frequent hospitalization among RV-infected pediatrics compared to others. There was no reduction in the disease severity among RV-infected regardless of the vaccine dose.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.26859 | DOI Listing |
Parasitol Res
January 2025
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Italy.
Canine leishmaniosis (CanL), caused by Leishmania infantum, is a widespread vector-borne disease. In Italy, an endemic region for CanL, overlapping transmission of L. infantum and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) like Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia canis is increasingly reported.
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March 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Current guidelines to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are based on risk assessments that include age, sex, and virological and biochemical parameters. The study aim was to investigate the impact of predictive markers on long-term outcomes. The clinical outcomes of 100 patients with chronic hepatitis B were investigated 30 years after a baseline assessment that included liver biopsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiol Resour Announc
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Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Human pegivirus (HPgV) identified from an HCV-infected plasma sample through nanopore metagenomics. The analysis revealed a nearly complete HPgV-2 genome. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed its classification within the HPgV-2 genotype, providing insights into viral co-infection dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Technol
January 2025
Geomicrobiology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Iron(III) (oxyhydr)oxide minerals with varying particle sizes commonly coexist in natural environments and are susceptible to both chemical and microbial reduction, affecting the fate and mobility of trace elements, nutrients, and pollutants. The size-dependent reduction behavior of iron (oxyhydr)oxides in single and mixed mineral systems remains poorly understood. In this study, we used microbial and mediated electrochemical reduction approaches to investigate the reduction kinetics and extents of goethite and hematite.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Gynecol Cancer
January 2025
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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