This study describes a new variant of the pinhole principle. Holes drilled in clear plastic lenses held in combination with a blurring lens can overcome the blurring effect much as a traditional pinhole. Specifically, this study shows how holes of different diameter placed in lenses of different spherical power can improve visual acuity that has been degraded by a series of blurring spherical lenses. In general, the hole in the clear lens improves visual acuity for progressively stronger blurring lenses.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1988.01060130557035 | DOI Listing |
Molecules
January 2025
School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China.
Ultrathin electrolytic copper foils with a thickness of 6 μm were prepared by a test machine using copper sulfate electrolyte with gelatin, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), and sulfonic acid-containing organics as additives. The effects of four sulfonic acid-containing organic additives, sodium 3-mercaptopropanesulfonate (MPS), bis-(sodium sulfopropyl)-disulfide (SPS), sodium 3-[[(dimethylamino)thioxomethyl]thio]propanesulfonate (DPS), and sodium 3-((4,5-dihydrothiazol-2-yl)thio)propane-1-sulfonate (TPS), on the physical property of copper foils were investigated. The results show that all these additives can effectively improve the gloss and tensile strength of electrolytic copper foil, and the texture coefficients of Cu(111) selectivity increase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Surg Case Rep
January 2025
King Edward Medical University Lahore, Pakistan.
Introduction And Importance: The branchial or pharyngeal apparatus, crucial in embryological development, consists of clefts, arches, pouches, and membranes. Anomalies arising from this apparatus particularly involving the second branchial arch, are rare. Among these anomalies, complete second branchial cleft fistulas, with both external and internal openings, are exceptionally uncommon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Periodontics Restorative Dent
January 2025
The Pinhole Surgical Technique (PST) was first described in the International Journal of Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry (IJPRD) in October 2012, in a case series involving 43 patients with 121 recession defects, including follow-up data for 37 patients with 85 Miller Class I-II recession defects over an average period of 20.0 ± 6.7 months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEye Contact Lens
November 2024
Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy (K.J.M.-G., D.F., D.P.P.), University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain; and Advanced Clinic Optometry Unit (D.P.P.), Department of Ophthalmology, Medimar International Hospital, Alicante, Spain.
Purpose: To investigate the impact on distance and near contrast sensitivity (CS) after fitting multifocal contact lenses (MFCLs) for presbyopia correction according to the scientific evidence already published.
Methods: Three bibliographic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Sciences, and Scopus. Inclusion criteria were articles written in English evaluating distance and/or near CS in presbyopic patients using MFCLs, controlled clinical trials, and articles published from 2000 to 2024.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of high-k dielectric films on MoS channels can lead to inadvertent remote electron doping of channels owing to nonequilibrium ALD conditions, such as the low temperatures and short purge times required for pinhole-free coating, as well as the weak physical adsorption of ALD precursors on MoS. In this study, we propose the application of a simple and effective HO vapor post-treatment (HO PT) at 100 °C immediately after complete integration of bottom- and top-gate monolayer MoS field-effect transistors (FETs), to address the inadvertent channel doping effect. When HO PT was applied to bottom-gate monolayer MoS FETs with an ALD-AlO passivation layer, the mitigation of channel doping was confirmed through electrical and optical measurements.
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