[Age-related features of the dynamics of morbidity and mortality, localization and histological structures of rectal cancer (population study).].

Rectal cancer is a malignant tumor of the distal colon of epithelial origin. Every year, more than 30,000 (30 969 - 2018) new cases of Rectal cancer and 16,000 deaths (16 151) are registered in Russia. The index of reliability of accounting (the ratio of the number of dead to sick) is 0,52%. Rectal cancer refers to localities with an average mortality rate. In the North-Western Federal district, more than 3 thousand primary cases of Rectal cancer were registered (3285 - 2018). The state statistics of the Rectal cancer provides data on morbidity and mortality in three categories of ICD-10 together (C19-21). Detailed development of data not only separately for each category of ICD-10, but also for the fourth sign is possible only from the data bases of cancer registers. As of 01.01.2019, the Population cancer register of the North-Western Federal district created by us totaled more than 1 million cases of malignant tumors (1 067 661), including Rectal cancer - 50 745 cases, or 4,8%. The share of the Rectal cancer is close to the national average - 4,9%. The article presents a detailed structure of cancer pathology in Rectal cancer. The leading role of the 3 specified categories belongs to the rectal malignant tumors (C20) - 75,4%, 19,8% falls on the malignant tumors of the rectosigmoid department (C19) and only 4,7% on the C21 - malignant tumors of the anus and anal canal. For all these categories, the dynamics of the structure is presented, which proved to be quite stable.