AI Article Synopsis
- Adults born preterm, especially those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), show altered right ventricular (RV) systolic function compared to full-term peers, indicating potential heart health issues later in life.
- The study found that significant percentages of preterm individuals, particularly those with BPD, had signs of RV systolic dysfunction, measured by a specific echocardiographic marker.
- Respiratory function was also impacted in preterm individuals, but surprisingly, there was no direct link between respiratory function and RV systolic function, suggesting separate pathways of complications.
Article Abstract
Background: Adults born preterm are at a higher risk of cardiopulmonary disease and premature death. Preterm birth is associated with abnormalities in right ventricular (RV) structure and function, but the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a common complication of extremely preterm birth, on these parameters remains unknown.
Research Question: Are preterm birth and BPD associated with alterations in RV structure and function in early adulthood?
Study Design And Methods: Echocardiographic and spirometry data were obtained from the Health of Adults Born Preterm Investigation (HAPI). RV structure and performance were evaluated by using echocardiography, and respiratory function was assessed by using spirometry.
Results: The study comprised 86 young adults born preterm before 30 weeks of gestation, including 28 with moderate to severe BPD, and 85 adults of the same age born full term. Individuals were assessed at a mean age of 23 years. RV systolic function was altered in the preterm group, with lower tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and lower RV s' and RV outflow tract velocity time integral values, especially in those born preterm with BPD. Nine (36%) participants born preterm with BPD, six (13%) participants born preterm without BPD, and six (8%) participants born full term had a tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion value < 16 mm, a marker of RV systolic dysfunction (P value for the comparison between preterm no BPD and BPD, .032). No difference was found in RV diastolic function or estimates of pulmonary artery pressure between groups. Although respiratory function was altered in those born preterm, and more so in the case of BPD, no association was observed between spirometry indices of respiratory function and RV systolic function.
Interpretation: Preterm birth is associated in adulthood with alterations in RV systolic function, which are more pronounced in the case of BPD.
Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT03261609; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2021.01.079 | DOI Listing |
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