Background: During viral infection, inhibitory receptors play a key role in regulating CD8 T-cell activity. The objective of this research was to investigate programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein-3 (TIM-3), and CD39 exhaustion markers in CD8 T cells of new coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients.
Methods: A total of 44 patients with COVID-19 (17 subjects in a critical group and 27 patients in a non-critical group) and 14 healthy controls, who were admitted to Hospitals in Babol, were recruited to the study. In subjects' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we compared the phenotype of CD8 T lymphocytes, expressing PD-1, TIM-3, or CD39, both alone and in various combinations.
Results: The findings showed that the percentage of CD8 cells was significantly lower in patients. Critical and non-critical patients were more likely than healthy controls to have an escalated frequency of CD8 TIM-3, CD8 CD39, and CD8 TIM-3 CD39 cells. No significant differences were observed between all groups in the CD8 PD-1 cell counts. There was also no difference between three groups regarding the counts of CD8 TIM-3 PD-1, CD8 PD-1 CD39, and CD8 TIM-3 PD-1 CD39 cells. The counts of non-exhausted cells were significantly lower in critical and non-critical individuals compared to the healthy individuals' value.
Conclusion: Patients, infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), altered exhausted CD8 T lymphocytes with CD39 and TIM-3 exhaustion markers, which may account the dysregulated immune response found in COVID-19.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7857983 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104779 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Immune microenvironment of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative compared to EBV-associated gastric cancers: implications for immunotherapy.
J Immunother Cancer
November 2024
Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Article Synopsis
- Gastric carcinomas (GCs) are aggressive cancers, with only 15% of patients responding to anti-PD-(L)1 treatments, but those associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) exhibit better responses and unique immune characteristics.
- A study analyzed tumor immune microenvironments in 25 treatment-naïve GCs, comparing 11 EBV+ and 14 EBV- cases using immunohistochemistry and gene expression profiling.
- Results showed EBV+ GCs had higher densities of CD8+ T cells and distinct immune gene expression patterns, while EBV- GCs demonstrated increased inflammatory and immunosuppressive gene signatures, suggesting differing mechanisms of immune evasion.
Reduced T and NK Cell Activity in Glioblastoma Patients Correlates with TIM-3 and BAT3 Dysregulation.
Cells
October 2024
Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia.
Inhibitory receptors are critical for regulating immune cell function. In cancer, these receptors are often over-expressed on the cell surface of T and NK cells, leading to reduced anti-tumor activity. Here, through the analysis of 11 commonly studied checkpoint and inhibitory receptors, we discern that only (TIM3) and (CD39) display significantly greater gene expression in glioblastoma compared to normal brain and lower grade glioma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of LAG-3/FGL1 pathway on immune evasive contexture and clinical outcomes in advanced urothelial carcinoma.
J Immunother Cancer
July 2024
Department of Urology and Andrology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
Background: Anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1)/anti-PD-ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathway inhibition is a standard regimen for advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC); however, its limited efficacy has been reflected in reported medium response rates. This study explored the role of next-generation coinhibitory receptors (IRs; lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3), T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3), and T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT)) and their ligands (LGs) in the response to PD-(L)1 blockade therapy and the oncological outcomes in patients with UC.
Methods: We investigated metastatic UC cases who underwent PD-(L)1 therapy (cohort 1: n=348, cohort 2: n=89, and cohort 4: n=29) or advanced UC cases involving surgery (cohort 3: n=293 and cohort 5: n=90).
Human effector CD8 T cells with an activated and exhausted-like phenotype control tumour growth in vivo in a humanized tumour model.
EBioMedicine
August 2024
Cellular Immunotherapy, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address:
Background: Humanized tumour models could be particularly valuable for cancer immunotherapy research, as they may better reflect human-specific aspects of the interfaces between tumour and immune system of human cancer. However, endogenous antitumour immunity in humanized models is still largely undefined.
Methods: We established an autologous humanized mouse tumour model by using NSG mice reconstituted with human immune cells from hematopoietic progenitors and tumours generated from transformed autologous human B cells.
The presence of cytotoxic CD4 and exhausted-like CD8+ T-cells is a signature of active tuberculosis.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis
August 2024
Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080. Mexico. Electronic address:
Chronic infections induce CD4+ T-cells with cytotoxic functions (CD4 CTLs); at present, it is still unknown whether latent tuberculosis (LTB) and active tuberculosis (ATB) induce CD4 CTLs. Plasma and cells from four patient groups-uninfected contact (UC), LTB, and ATB (divided as sensitive [DS-TB]- or resistant [DR-TB]-drug)-were evaluated by flow cytometry, q-PCR, and proteomics. The data showed that ATB patients had an increased frequency of CD4+ T-cells and a decreased frequency of CD8+ T-cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!