What Is Known And Objective: Drug-drug interactions can involve inhibition or induction of cell membrane transporters. Deinduction occurs after an inducing agent is stopped.
Case Summary: This case describes suspected P-glycoprotein (P-gp) deinduction by carbamazepine resulting in a slow viral response during treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Evidence of deinduction occurred beyond clearance of carbamazepine and resulted in extension of HCV treatment.
What Is New: The understanding of the role P-gp transport plays in drug elimination is relatively new and evidence of P-gp deinduction is variable.
Conclusion: Clinicians should consider deinduction when starting and stopping medications involving strong inducers of P-gp transport proteins.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpt.13374 | DOI Listing |
PLoS Pathog
January 2025
Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America.
Retroviruses can be detected by the innate immune sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), which recognizes reverse-transcribed DNA and activates an antiviral response. However, the extent to which HIV-1 shields its genome from cGAS recognition remains unclear. To study this process in mechanistic detail, we reconstituted reverse transcription, genome release, and innate immune sensing of HIV-1 in a cell-free system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1) and -2 (SARS-CoV-2) are beta-coronaviruses (β-CoVs) that have caused significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, a better understanding of host responses to β-CoVs would provide insights into the pathogenesis of these viruses to identify potential targets for medical countermeasures. In this study, our objective is to use a systems biology approach to explore the magnitude and scope of innate immune responses triggered by SARS-CoV-1 and -2 infection over time in pathologically relevant human lung epithelial cells (Calu-3/2B4 cells).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes Genomics
January 2025
Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide in females. This occurs primarily due to the infection of high-risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), although in advanced stages it requires support from host cellular factors. BRN3A is one such host cellular factors, whose expression remains high in cervical cancers and upregulates tumorigenic HPV gene expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Proteome Res
January 2025
Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
This study aimed to elucidate the complexity of the humoral immune response in COVID-19 patients with varying disease trajectories using a SARS-CoV-2 whole proteome peptide microarray chip. The microarray, containing 5347 peptides spanning the entire SARS-CoV-2 proteome and key variants of concern, was used to analyze IgG responses in 10 severe-to-recovered, 9 nonsevere-to-severe cases, and 10 control case (5 pre-pandemic and 5 SARS-CoV-2-negative) plasma samples. We identified 1151 IgG-reactive peptides corresponding to 647 epitopes, with 207 peptides being cross-reactive across 124 epitopes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Virol
January 2025
Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Unlabelled: Human norovirus (HuNoV) is a leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and economic impact. There are currently no licensed antiviral drugs for the treatment of HuNoV-associated gastroenteritis. The HuNoV protease plays a critical role in the initiation of virus replication by cleaving the polyprotein.
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