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Ethics dumping in artificial intelligence.
Front Artif Intell
November 2024
Philosophy Department, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems encode not just statistical models and complex algorithms designed to process and analyze data, but also significant normative baggage. This ethical dimension, derived from the underlying code and training data, shapes the recommendations given, behaviors exhibited, and perceptions had by AI. These factors influence how AI is regulated, used, misused, and impacts end-users.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPaediatric acute liver failure: a multidisciplinary perspective on when a critically ill child is unsuitable for liver transplantation.
Lancet Child Adolesc Health
December 2024
Swiss Pediatric Liver Center, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology, and Obstetrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology, and Obstetrics, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Article Synopsis
- Paediatric acute liver failure is a serious condition that has high rates of illness and death, presenting challenges for medical professionals in its management.
- Emergency liver transplantation is necessary for 10-20% of patients, but about 10% are considered too unwell for the procedure due to medical or ethical reasons.
- The scarcity of donor livers necessitates a careful assessment of transplant eligibility, taking into account medical, social, logistical, and ethical factors to avoid unnecessary risks and ensure fair allocation of resources.
Researchers and practitioners are increasingly using machine-generated synthetic data as a tool for advancing health science and practice, by expanding access to health data while-potentially-mitigating privacy and related ethical concerns around data sharing. While using synthetic data in this way holds promise, we argue that it also raises significant ethical, legal, and policy concerns, including persistent privacy and security problems, accuracy and reliability issues, worries about fairness and bias, and new regulatory challenges. The virtue of synthetic data is often understood to be its detachment from the data subjects whose measurement data is used to generate it.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProgress Achieved, Landmarks, and Future Concerns in Biomedical and Health Informatics.
Healthcare (Basel)
October 2024
Health Informatics Lab, Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Background: The biomedical and health informatics (BMHI) fields have been advancing rapidly, a trend particularly emphasised during the recent COVID-19 pandemic, introducing innovations in BMHI. Over nearly 50 years since its establishment as a scientific discipline, BMHI has encountered several challenges, such as mishaps, delays, failures, and moments of enthusiastic expectations and notable successes. This paper focuses on reviewing the progress made in the BMHI discipline, evaluating key milestones, and discussing future challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApplication of human-centered design principles to wearable exoskeletons: a systematic review.
Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol
October 2024
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, India.
As technologies continue to advance, designing wearable exoskeletons that are comfortable, safe, reliable, and engaging for users is an arduous task. The integration of HCD principles in exoskeleton development significantly contributes to ensuring that the product meets the needs and preferences of users. This study systematically reviews the application of human-centred design (HCD) principles in the development of wearable exoskeletons.
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