cytotoxic, genotoxic, and antityrosinase activities of root.

Wall. (Leguminosae), locally known as Non-tai-yak or An-chan-pa, commonly distributed in tropical nations and Southeast Asia. Regarding traditional Thai medical system, roots carry out a potential in dermatology. Its roots are also used as insecticide in agriculture and animal farming. Moreover, clitoriacetal is the major component that can be detected in root. This research aimed to assess the efficacy of root extract and clitoriacetal for its anticancer and antityrosinase activities as well as to assess safety potential for its cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. root and clitoriacetal were tested by brine shrimp lethality, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, comet assay, and antityrosinase activity. root, clitoriacetal, and rotenone demonstrated the toxicity against brine shrimp nauplii with LC of 332.15, 136.54, and 0.15 μg/mL, respectively. root and clitoriacetal showed cytotoxic potential against breast ductal carcinoma (BT-474), liver hepatoblastoma (Hep-G2), and colon adenocarcinoma (SW-620). At 100 μg/mL, the percent DNA damage of root and clitoriacetal was 37.84% and 36.01%, respectively. root and clitoriacetal were able to inhibit the tyrosinase enzyme with IC of 12.27 and 7.30 mg/mL, respectively, which less effective than glutathione (positive control). The present study revealed the biological activities of root and its clitoriacetal constituent which proposed the scientific evidences in efficacy and safety evaluation including cytotoxicity, DNA damage as well as antityrosinase activities.