Covering up to 2020 Azaphilones are fungal polyketide pigments bearing a highly oxygenated pyranoquinone bicyclic core; they are receiving a great deal of increasing research interest for their applications in the agroalimentary, dyeing, cosmetic, printing and pharmaceutical industries. Their biosynthetic pathways are not fully elucidated; however, thanks to recent genomic approaches combined with the increasing genome sequencing of fungi, some of these pathways have been recently unveiled. This is the first review on the biosynthesis of azaphilonoids adressed from a genomic point of view.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0np00080a | DOI Listing |
J Fungi (Basel)
December 2024
College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
, a genus of fungi known for its fermentation capability and production of bioactive compounds, such as azaphilone pigments and Monacolin K, have received considerable attention because of their potential in biotechnological applications. Understanding the genetic basis of these metabolic pathways is crucial for optimizing the fermentation and enhancing the yield and quality of these products. However, spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Biotechnol J
December 2024
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Pigments, as coloured secondary metabolites, endow the world with a rich palette of colours. They primarily originate from plants and microorganisms and play crucial roles in their survival and adaptation processes. In this article, we categorize pigments based on their chemical structure into flavonoids, carotenoids, pyrroles, quinones, azaphilones, melanins, betalains, flavins, and others.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
November 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Biocatalysis can be powerful in organic synthesis but is often limited by enzymes' substrate scope and selectivity. Developing a biocatalytic step involves identifying an initial enzyme for the target reaction followed by optimization through rational design, directed evolution, or both. These steps are time consuming, resource-intensive, and require expertise beyond typical organic chemistry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioorg Chem
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, the Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China. Electronic address:
The genome sequencing of Aspergillus terreus reveals that the vast number of predicted biosynthetic gene clusters have not reflected by the metabolic profile observed under conventional culture conditions. In this study, a silent azaphilone biosynthetic gene cluster was activated by overexpressing a pathway-specific transcription factor gene2642 in marine-derived fungus A. terreus RA2905.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
November 2024
College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Traditional Fermented Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address:
Monacolin K (MK), also known as lovastatin, is a polyketide compound with the ability to reduce plasma cholesterol levels and many other bio-activities. Red yeast rice (also named Hongqu) rich in MK derived from Monascus fermentation has attracted widespread attention due to its excellent performance in reducing blood lipids. However, industrial Monascus fermentation suffers from the limitations such as low yield of MK, long fermentation period, and susceptibility to contamination.
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