Background: Deterioration in quality of platelet concentrates (PCs) during storage results from the appearance of storage lesions affecting the hemostatic functions and posttransfusion survival of platelets. These lesions depend on the preparation and pathogen inactivation methods used, duration of storage, and platelet additive solutions (PASs) present in storage bags.
Methods: We investigated the effects of citrate contained in third-generation PAS (PAS-III) on storage lesions in buffy-coat PCs with or without photochemical (amotosalen-ultraviolet A) treatment over 7 days.
Results: Platelet counts were conserved in all groups during storage, as was platelet swirling without appearance of macroscopic aggregates. Glycoprotein (GP) IIbIIIa and GPVI expression remained stable, whereas GPIbα declined similarly in all groups during storage. Removal of citrate from PAS-III, resulting in global reduction of citrate from 11 to 5 mM, led to a significant decrease in glucose consumption, which largely countered a modest deleterious effect of photochemical treatment. Citrate reduction also resulted in decreased lactate generation and better maintenance of pH during storage, while photochemical treatment had no impact on these parameters. Moreover, citrate-free storage significantly reduced exposure of P-selectin and the apoptosis signal phosphatidylserine, thereby abolishing the activating effect of photochemical treatment on both parameters. Citrate reduction benefited platelet aggregation to various agonists up to Day 7, whereas PCT had no impact on these responses.
Conclusion: Removal of citrate from PAS-III has a beneficial impact on platelet metabolism, spontaneous activation, and apoptosis, and improves platelet aggregation, irrespective of photochemical treatment, which should allow transfusion of platelets with better and longer-lasting functional properties.
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