Objective: the complexity of heart-rate variability (HRV) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients with different pulmonary capacities was evaluated.
Methods: We set these according to their pulmonary capacity, and specifically forced vital capacity (FVC). We split the groups according to FVC (FVC > 50% ( = 29) and FVC < 50% ( = 28)). In ALS, the presence of an FVC below 50% is indicative of noninvasive ventilation with two pressure levels and with the absence of other respiratory symptoms. As the number of subjects per group was different, we applied the unbalanced one-way analysis of variance (uANOVA1) test after three tests of normality, and effect size by Cohen's to assess parameter significance.
Results: with regard to chaotic global analysis, CFP4 ( < 0.001; = 0.91), CFP5 ( = 0.0022; = 0.85), and CFP6 ( = 0.0009; = 0.92) were enlarged. All entropies significantly increased. Shannon ( = 0.0005; = 0.98), Renyi ( = 0.0002; = 1.02), Tsallis ( = 0.0004; = 0.99), approximate ( = 0.0005; = 0.97), and sample ( < 0.0001; = 1.22). Detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) ( = 0.0358) and Higuchi fractal dimension (HFD) ( = 0.15) were statistically inconsequential between the two groups.
Conclusions: HRV complexity in ALS subjects with different pulmonary capacities increased via chaotic global analysis, especially CFP5 and 3 out of 5 entropies.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23020159 | DOI Listing |
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