This review will explore the four major pillars required for design and development of an saRNA vaccine: Antigen design, vector design, non-viral delivery systems, and manufacturing (both saRNA and lipid nanoparticles (LNP)). We report on the major innovations, preclinical and clinical data reported in the last five years and will discuss future prospects.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7911542 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9020097 | DOI Listing |
Toxicol Pathol
December 2024
Moderna, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
The unprecedented speed of developing vaccines against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, has propelled mRNA technologies into the public eye. The versatility of mRNA technology, often referred to as "plug and play," offers immense promise for rapidly updating vaccines to address newer variants of respiratory diseases and combat emerging infectious diseases and lethal pathogens, such as the Ebolavirus. However, the potential applications of mRNA technology extend well beyond prophylactic vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFiScience
February 2024
VLP Therapeutics Japan, Inc., 1-16-4 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0003, Japan.
Continuing emergence of variants of concern resulting in reduced SARS-CoV-2 vaccine efficacy necessitates additional prevention strategies. The structure of VLPCOV-01, a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated, self-amplifying RNA COVID-19 vaccine with a comparable immune response to BNT162b2, was revised by incorporating a modified base, 5-methylcytosine, to reduce reactogenicity, and an updated receptor-binding domain derived from the Brazil (gamma) variant. Interim analyses of a phase 1 dose-escalation booster vaccination study with the resulting construct, VLPCOV-02, in healthy, previously vaccinated Japanese individuals (N = 96) are reported (jRCT2051230005).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Neurol (Paris)
October 2023
Toulouse Neuroimaging Center, Toulouse, France; Department of Cognitive Neurology, Epilepsy and Movement Disorders, CHU Toulouse Purpan, France; Center of Clinical Investigation, CHU Toulouse Purpan (CIC1436), France.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multi-etiology disease. The biological system of AD is associated with multidomain genetic, molecular, cellular, and network brain dysfunctions, interacting with central and peripheral immunity. These dysfunctions have been primarily conceptualized according to the assumption that amyloid deposition in the brain, whether from a stochastic or a genetic accident, is the upstream pathological change.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccine
May 2022
Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. Electronic address:
Vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 have been hugely successful in alleviating hospitalization and deaths caused by the newly emerged coronavirus that is the cause of COVID. However, although the parentally administered vaccines are very effective at reducing severe disease, they do not induce sterilizing immunity. As the virus continues to circulate around the globe, it is still not clear how long protection will last, nor whether variants will emerge that escape vaccine immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpert Opin Drug Discov
November 2021
Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
Introduction: Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based therapeutics and vaccines have emerged as a disruptive new drug class for various applications, including regenerative medicine, cancer treatment, and prophylactic and therapeutic vaccinations.
Areas Covered: This review provides an update about the rational structure-based design of various formats of mRNA-based therapeutics. The authors discuss the recent advances in the mRNA modifications that have been used to enhance stability, promote translation efficiency and regulate immunogenicity for specific applications.
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