Purpose: We develop a multi-centric response predictive model using QUS spectral parametric imaging and novel texture-derivate methods for determining tumour responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) prior to therapy initiation.
Materials And Methods: QUS Spectroscopy provided parametric images of mid-band-fit (MBF), spectral-slope (SS), spectral-intercept (SI), average-scatterer-diameter (ASD), and average-acoustic-concentration (AAC) in 78 patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) undergoing NAC. Ultrasound radiofrequency data were collected from Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center (SHSC), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MD-ACC), and St. Michaels Hospital (SMH) using two different systems. Texture analysis was used to quantify heterogeneities of QUS parametric images. Further, a second-pass texture analysis was applied to obtain texture-derivate features. QUS, texture- and texture-derivate parameters were determined from both tumour core and a 5-mm tumour margin and were used in comparison to histopathological analysis for developing a response predictive model to classify responders versus non-responders. Model performance was assessed using leave-one-out cross-validation. Three standard classification algorithms including a linear discriminant analysis (LDA), k-nearest-neighbors (KNN), and support vector machines-radial basis function (SVM-RBF) were evaluated.
Results: A combination of tumour core and margin classification resulted in a peak response prediction performance of 88% sensitivity, 78% specificity, 84% accuracy, 0.86 AUC, 84% PPV, and 83% NPV, achieved using the SVM-RBF classification algorithm. Other parameters and classifiers performed less well running from 66% to 80% accuracy.
Conclusions: A QUS-based framework and novel texture-derivative method enabled accurate prediction of responses to NAC. Multi-centric response predictive model provides indications of the robustness of the approach to variations due to different ultrasound systems and acquisition parameters.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27867 | DOI Listing |
FEMS Microbiol Rev
December 2024
Junior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany.
Pathogenic microorganisms can infect a variety of niches in the human body. During infection, microbes can only persist if they adapt adequately to the dynamic host environment and the stresses imposed by the immune system. While viruses entirely rely on host cells to replicate, bacteria and fungi use their pathogenicity mechanisms for the acquisition of essential nutrients that lie under host restriction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHematol Oncol Clin North Am
December 2024
Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Electronic address:
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is emerging as a transformative biomarker in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This review focuses on its role in detecting minimal residual disease (MRD), predicting treatment response, and guiding therapeutic decision-making in radiation oncology and immunotherapy. Key studies demonstrate ctDNA's prognostic value, particularly in identifying relapse risk and refining patient stratification for curative-intent and consolidative treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth
December 2024
Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Santa Maria Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Bari, Italy. Electronic address:
Objectives: To investigate the impact of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) on 30-day mortality following cardiac surgery and develop a machine learning model to predict SIRS.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting: Single tertiary care hospital.
J Affect Disord
December 2024
Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Tonic (i.e., irritable mood) and phasic (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Affect Disord
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the potential additive effects of measuring serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) on enhancing the predictive value of baseline serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels for predicting 12-week antidepressant treatment responses in patients with depressive disorders.
Methods: Serum levels of hsCRP, IL-1β, and IL-6 were measured at baseline in 1086 outpatient participants diagnosed with depressive disorders. Participants initially received monotherapy with antidepressants for the first three weeks, followed by a naturalistic, stepwise pharmacotherapy regimen administered every three weeks up to 12 weeks.
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