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Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among children and their household members in southern Mozambique five years after PCV10 introduction.
Vaccine
January 2025
Respiratory Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States.
Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important cause of pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis, which are leading causes of child mortality. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) protect against disease and nasopharyngeal colonization with vaccine serotypes, reducing transmission to and among unvaccinated individuals. Mozambique introduced 10-valent PCV (PCV10) in 2013.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) that are ten-valent (PCV10) and 13-valent (PCV13) became available in 2010. We evaluated their global impact on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence in all ages.
Methods: Serotype-specific IPD cases and population denominators were obtained directly from surveillance sites using PCV10 or PCV13 in their national immunisation programmes and with a primary series uptake of at least 50%.
Effect of a Reduced PCV10 Dose Schedule on Pneumococcal Carriage in Vietnam.
N Engl J Med
November 2024
From the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (L.-M.Y., M. Toizumi, C.I., M. Takegata), the Department of Global Health, School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health (L.-M.Y., M. Toizumi), and Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science (L.-M.Y.), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, and the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo (N.K.) - both in Japan; the Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi (H.A.T.N., L.H.H., D.-A.D.), and the Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute, Nha Trang (L.T.L., H.T.D.) - both in Vietnam; the Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (B.J.Q., K.Z., K.M., S.F.) and the Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases (B.J.Q., K.Z., S.F.), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and the Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University (J.H.) - both in London; the Department of Infection, Immunity, and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute (M.L.N., B.D.O., E.M.D., C.S., K.M.), and the Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne (C.S., K.M.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC (C.S.) - all in Australia; and the Center for Global Health, Charité-Universitätmedizin Berlin, Berlin (S.F.).
Background: After pneumococcal disease and colonization have been controlled through vaccination campaigns, a reduced pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) schedule may be sufficient to sustain that control at reduced costs.
Methods: We investigated whether a single primary dose and booster dose (1p+1) of the 10-valent PCV (PCV10) would be noninferior to alternative dose schedules in sustaining control of carriage of pneumococcal serotypes included in the vaccine. In Nha Trang, Vietnam, an area in which PCV had not been used previously, a PCV10 catch-up campaign was conducted in which the vaccine was offered to children younger than 3 years of age, after which a cluster-randomized trial was conducted in which children received PCV10 at 2, 3, and 4 months of age (3p+0 group); at 2, 4, and 12 months of age (2p+1 group); at 2 and 12 months of age (1p+1 group); or at 12 months of age (0p+1 group).
Single priming and a booster dose of 10-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) maintains suppression of vaccine serotype colonization in South African children at 3, 4, and 5 years of age: a single-centre, open-labelled, randomized trial.
Expert Rev Vaccines
October 2024
South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Background: Surveillance on nasopharyngeal carriage in older children would be informative in determining whether a single priming and booster dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) provides durable protection against pneumococcal disease compared with traditional dosing schedules.
Methods And Objectives: We report on the secondary study objective to evaluate overall, vaccine-serotype (VT), and non-vaccine serotype (NVT) colonization at 3, 4, and 5 years of age in children who were randomized to receive 10-valent or 13-valent PCV formulations at 6 (6w + 1) or 14 (14w + 1) weeks compared with a two-dose primary series (2 + 1), with all children receiving a booster dose at 9 months of age, using a multiplex nanofluidic qPCR assay.
Results: The prevalence of overall, VT, or NVT at 5 years of age between the 2 + 1 compared with the 6w + 1 or 14w + 1 groups for both PCV10 and PCV13 did not differ.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pneumococcal Vaccines in the Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review.
Healthcare (Basel)
September 2024
Faculty of Pharmacy, Le Van Thinh Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
Article Synopsis
- * Our study examines the cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in children, focusing on economic evaluations from the past few years and using Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratios (ICER) and Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALY) for analysis.
- * Findings indicate that while PCV13 and PCV10 are cost-effective compared to no vaccination, transitioning to PCV20 offers even greater health benefits and cost savings over PCV15, making it a preferable option in
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