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Let's unite in play! Play modality and group membership in wild geladas. | LitMetric

Let's unite in play! Play modality and group membership in wild geladas.

Behav Processes

Natural History Museum, University of Pisa, Via Roma 79, 56011, Calci, Pisa, Italy; Unit of Ethology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Alessandro Volta 6, 56126, Pisa, Italy. Electronic address:

Published: March 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates the Social Skill Hypothesis (improving social competence) and Motor Training Hypothesis (enhancing physical abilities) to determine the purpose of social play in wild geladas, a monkey species from Ethiopia.
  • Researchers analyzed 527 recorded social play sessions to discern differences in play between interactions within the same One-Male Units (OMUs) and those between different OMUs.
  • Results showed evidence supporting both hypotheses, indicating that social play in geladas facilitates both relationship development and physical skill enhancement, as playful interactions involve both ingroup and outgroup members.

Article Abstract

Two of the main hypotheses put forth to explain the function of immature social play are the Social Skill Hypothesis and the Motor Training Hypothesis focussing on whether play can improve social competence to develop cooperative social networks or physical abilities to outcompete others, respectively. Here, we tested these hypotheses on a monkey species, the wild gelada (Theropithecus gelada) from the Kundi plateau, Ethiopia. This species is organized in bands divided in One-Male Units (OMUs), united only via social play. Immatures form 'play units' in which individuals from the same and different OMUs interact. We analysed the potential differences between inter- and intra-OMU play to verify which of the two hypotheses (Social Skill or Motor Training Hypothesis) best explains the function of play in geladas. We analysed 527 video-recorded social play sessions and found mixed support for both hypotheses. In agreement with the Social Skill Hypothesis, we found that play in geladas shows scarce social canalization being similarly distributed across age, sex and group membership. In line with the Motor Training Hypothesis, we detected higher levels of competition (shorter and more unbalanced sessions) in inter-OMU compared to intra-OMU play. Hence, in geladas play can be a tool for both the development of social relationships and the improvement of the physical skills necessary to cope with either future mates or competitors. In conclusion, neither hypothesis can be discarded and both hypotheses concur in explaining why immature geladas peculiarly form 'play units' embracing both ingroup and outgroup members.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104338DOI Listing

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