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Maize ( L.) production in sub-Saharan Africa can be improved by using hybrids with genetic resistance to maize lethal necrosis (MLN). This study aimed to assess the general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA), reciprocal effects, and quantitative genetic basis of MLN resistance and agronomic traits in tropical maize inbred lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic analysis and heterosis breeding of seed yield and yieldattributing traits in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.).
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, CoochBehar, West Bengal, India.
This study aimed to assess the genetic basis and combining ability of 10 morphological traits in Indian mustard. The experiment involved eight parent lines and 28 crosses derived from a half-diallel mating design. Combining ability analysis is vital for identifying parents and hybrids with favorable genetic effects to enhance breeding efficiency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe 2025 Motile Active Matter Roadmap.
J Phys Condens Matter
January 2025
Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, Basel, Basel-Stadt, 4056, SWITZERLAND.
Activity and autonomous motion are fundamental aspects of many living and engineering systems. Here, the scale of biological agents covers a wide range, from nanomotors, cytoskeleton, and cells, to insects, fish, birds, and people. Inspired by biological active systems, various types of autonomous synthetic nano- and micromachines have been designed, which provide the basis for multifunctional, highly responsive, intelligent active materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActive learning-assisted directed evolution.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Directed evolution (DE) is a powerful tool to optimize protein fitness for a specific application. However, DE can be inefficient when mutations exhibit non-additive, or epistatic, behavior. Here, we present Active Learning-assisted Directed Evolution (ALDE), an iterative machine learning-assisted DE workflow that leverages uncertainty quantification to explore the search space of proteins more efficiently than current DE methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNon-additive effects of leaf-litter flammability on eight subtropical tree species: Implications for forest species composition and fire susceptibility.
J Environ Manage
January 2025
Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. Electronic address:
The readiness of leaf-litter to burn in the presence of fire differs greatly between species. Thus, forests composed of different species vary in their susceptibility to fire. Fire susceptibility of forests may also differ from the arithmetic means of flammability of their component species, i.
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