Phytochemical investigation on the 80% EtOH extract of the whole plants of afforded three new 4a--plicamine-type alkaloids, zephyranthines A-C (). Structural elucidation of all the compounds were performed by spectral methods such as 1D and 2D (HH COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) NMR spectroscopy, in addition to high resolution mass spectrometry. All the alkaloids were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against six glioma cell lines (CHG5, SH-SY5Y, SHG44, U251, U343, and GL15). Alkaloids and exhibited significant cytotoxic activities against all tested cell lines with IC values of less than 20 μM.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2021.1871607 | DOI Listing |
J Immunol
January 2025
Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Natural killer (NK) cells are a promising approach for cellular cancer immunotherapy and are being investigated to treat patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We found that MM patient blood NK cell frequencies were normal with increased activating receptors and cytotoxic granules, without evidence of functional exhaustion. Despite this activated state, MM target cells were resistant to conventional NK cells by unclear mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Immunol
February 2025
HIV Immunopathogenesis Laboratory, BEAT-HIV Delaney Collaboratory, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Natural killer (NK) cells can efficiently mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of antibody coated target cells via the low-affinity Fc-receptor, CD16, but cannot retain antibodies over time. To increase antibody retention and facilitate targeted ADCC, we genetically modified human NK cells with the high-affinity Fc receptor, CD64, so that we could preload them with HIV-specific broadly neutralizing antibodies (BNAbs) and enhance their capacity to target HIV-infected cells via ADCC. Purified NK cells from the peripheral blood of control donors or persons living with HIV were activated with interleukin (IL)-2/IL-15/IL-21 cytokines and transduced with a lentivirus encoding CD64.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Immunol
March 2025
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Natural killer (NK) cells express activating receptors that signal through ITAM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif)-bearing adapter proteins. The phosphorylation of each ITAM creates binding sites for SYK and ZAP70 protein tyrosine kinases to propagate downstream signaling including the induction of Ca2+ influx. While all immature and mature human NK cells coexpress SYK and ZAP70, clonally driven memory or adaptive NK cells can methylate SYK genes, and signaling is mediated exclusively using ZAP70.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Immunol
March 2025
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Although bony fish have CD8+ T cells, the mechanisms by which these early-evolved cytotoxic cells combat intracellular pathogens remain unclear. In the present study, using Nile tilapia as a model, we investigated the detailed function, mechanism, and evolutionary pattern concerning CD8+ T cells. By depleting CD8+ T cells, they are found essential in combating Edwardsiella piscicida infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
March 2025
Food Technology and Process Engineering, Oda Bultum University, Chiro, Ethiopia.
This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of Plant-Ag-graphene nanocomposites through a combination of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, the nanocomposites were formed by catalyzing silver nanoparticles with plant extracts, and the resulting structures were analyzed using advanced instrumentation. In the FTIR analysis, distinctive peaks were observed at 3340 cm⁻1 (O-H stretching), 1740 cm⁻1 (C = O stretching), and 1050 cm⁻1. When compared to silver nanoparticles, the nanocomposites exhibited altered peak intensities, indicating modifications in chemical bonding.
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