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Clinical characteristics of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody among aquaporin-4 negative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders in Egyptian patients.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt.
Some patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)-like symptoms test negative for anti-aquaporin-4 (anti-AQP4) antibodies. Among them, a subset has antibodies targeting myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), a condition now termed MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). MOGAD shares features with NMOSD, like optic neuritis and myelitis, but differs in pathophysiology, clinical presentation, imaging findings, and biomarkers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTurncoat antibodies unmasked in a model of autoimmune demyelination: from biology to therapy.
bioRxiv
December 2024
Neuroscience Unit, University Hospital Center of Quebec - Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Autoantibodies contribute to many autoimmune diseases, yet there is no approved therapy to neutralize them selectively. A popular mouse model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), could serve to develop such a therapy, provided we can better understand the nature and importance of the autoantibodies involved. Here we report the discovery of autoantibody-secreting extrafollicular plasmablasts in EAE induced with specific myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antigens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew-Onset Multiple Sclerosis in Pregnancy: Diagnostic Approaches and Treatment Dilemmas.
Cureus
November 2024
Obstetrics and Gynecology, United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Lincoln, GBR.
Article Synopsis
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, and research shows decreased relapse rates during pregnancy but an increase postpartum, returning to pre-pregnancy levels.
- A unique case is presented involving a 29-year-old woman who developed new MS symptoms during pregnancy, challenging established beliefs since such cases are rare.
- The importance of individualized patient care and a multidisciplinary approach is emphasized for reducing relapse risk and ensuring the health of both the mother and child.
Increased Intracranial Pressure in Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease.
Neurologist
January 2025
Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
Objectives: To assess characteristics of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD).
Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective review of 84 MOGAD cases at the University of Florida, Baylor College of Medicine, the University of California San Diego, and Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon, to identify cases with a documented increased opening pressure >25 cm H2O. A literature review was conducted to identify previously reported MOGAD cases with an opening pressure >25 cm H2O.
Do specific myelin autoantibodies and increased cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor in the context of inflammation predict the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in medication-free children?
Brain Behav Immun
November 2024
Department of Radiology, Konya City Hospital, Karatay-Konya 42020, Turkey. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study examined the serum levels of various proteins related to myelin and inflammation in children with ADHD compared to healthy controls, focusing on their connection to clinical severity and irritability.
- Researchers included 141 ADHD children aged 8-14 and 135 typical controls, measuring protein levels using specific assays and assessing behaviors with standardized scales.
- Results indicated significantly higher levels of certain proteins (MAG, CDNF, hs-CRP, reelin, cerebellin) in ADHD children, alongside increased irritability, and noted significant correlations between some protein levels and clinical symptoms of ADHD and related disorders.
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