Millennials as organizational citizens: Conceptualization and measurement development.

Despite existing scholarly progress in organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), prior research has predominantly investigated OCB using Baby Boomers and Generation Xers. As Millennials who possess different sets of workplace values and beliefs are entering the workforce, there is a need for conceptualizing OCB and developing an OCB scale suitable for Millennials. In this study, we conceptualize OCB in Millennials as voluntary behaviors that promote the prosperity of oneself, coworkers, the organization, and the community. Additionally, we employ exploratory factor analysis and identify a four-factor model of OCB, including empathetic responsiveness, role modeling, professional development, and social responsibility. We then conduct confirmatory factor analysis and construct a 13-item measurement scale for Millennial OCB. Finally, we assess and find evidence for the construct validity of the 13-item measurement scale. We conclude this study with an overview of theoretical and managerial implications.