Two -kaurene diterpenoids, -15--acetyloxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (xylopic acid) and -7-oxo-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid were isolated from the fruits of . Chemical manipulation of xylopic acid yielded -kaurane derivatives , , , and . Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including 1 D- and 2 D-NMR spectroscopies. The antiproliferative activities of compounds , , , , and were tested on breast MCF7 and SkBr3, endometrial Ishikawa, ovarian BG-1, mesothelioma IST-MES1 and hepatocellular HepG2 human tumor cells, and on mammalian MRC-10 fibroblast cells. Ketone showed significant antiproliferative activity against MFC7 human breast cancer cells (IC = 3 ± 1 µM) and A549 pulmonary adenocarcinoma (8 ± 1 µM), that was higher than the well-known anti-cancer agent cisplatin (IC = 19 ± 3 and 15 ± 4 µM, respectively).[Formula: see text].
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