Assessment of risk factor profile in young patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting surgery in Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Disease, a tertiary care cardiac facility.

Objective: To identify modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors among young patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Adult Cardiac Surgery of the Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology and National Institute of Heart Disease, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from January 1, 2015, to April 24, 2018, and comprised patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting. Data was collected using a predesigned questionnaire, and the risk factors studied were hypertension, diabetes, smoking, serum cholesterol, family history and body mass index. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.

Results: Of the 1270 patients, 838(66.1%) were males and 432(33.9%) were females. The overall mean age was 39.29±8.64 years (range: 18-49 years). Of the total, 319(25.2%) patients were hypertensive; 170(13.3%) were diabetics; 303(23.9%) had history of smoking; 566(44.6%) were obese.

Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of obesity, hypertension and smoking in the patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery at age <50 years.