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Background: The plant microbiome plays a vital role in determining host health and productivity. However, we lack real-world comparative understanding of the factors which shape assembly of its diverse biota, and crucially relationships between microbiota composition and plant health. Here we investigated landscape scale rhizosphere microbial assembly processes in oilseed rape (OSR), the UK's third most cultivated crop by area and the world's third largest source of vegetable oil, which suffers from yield decline associated with the frequency it is grown in rotations. By including 37 conventional farmers' fields with varying OSR rotation frequencies, we present an innovative approach to identify microbial signatures characteristic of microbiomes which are beneficial and harmful to the host.
Results: We show that OSR yield decline is linked to rotation frequency in real-world agricultural systems. We demonstrate fundamental differences in the environmental and agronomic drivers of protist, bacterial and fungal communities between root, rhizosphere soil and bulk soil compartments. We further discovered that the assembly of fungi, but neither bacteria nor protists, was influenced by OSR rotation frequency. However, there were individual abundant bacterial OTUs that correlated with either yield or rotation frequency. A variety of fungal and protist pathogens were detected in roots and rhizosphere soil of OSR, and several increased relative abundance in root or rhizosphere compartments as OSR rotation frequency increased. Importantly, the relative abundance of the fungal pathogen Olpidium brassicae both increased with short rotations and was significantly associated with low yield. In contrast, the root endophyte Tetracladium spp. showed the reverse associations with both rotation frequency and yield to O. brassicae, suggesting that they are signatures of a microbiome which benefits the host. We also identified a variety of novel protist and fungal clades which are highly connected within the microbiome and could play a role in determining microbiome composition.
Conclusions: We show that at the landscape scale, OSR crop yield is governed by interplay between complex communities of both pathogens and beneficial biota which is modulated by rotation frequency. Our comprehensive study has identified signatures of dysbiosis within the OSR microbiome, grown in real-world agricultural systems, which could be used in strategies to promote crop yield. Video abstract.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7825223 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-020-00972-0 | DOI Listing |
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc
December 2024
Department of Health Promotion Science, Musculoskeletal & Sports Injury Epidemiology Center, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Purpose: To investigate the association between common measures of trunk and lower extremity range of motion (ROM), strength, the results of one-leg jump tests at baseline and the incidence of subsequent substantial knee injuries in adolescent female football players.
Methods: Players were assessed at baseline regarding (1) ROM of trunk, hip, and ankle; (2) trunk, hip, and knee strength; and (3) one-leg jump tests. Players were prospectively monitored weekly for 1 year regarding knee injuries and the volume of matches and training.
Front Med (Lausanne)
December 2024
Department of Optics and Photonics, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland.
Background And Objective: The study examines the relationship between ocular rotations and cardiovascular functions through detailed biomechanical analysis. The study documents specific patterns of ocular movements and their synchronization with cardiovascular activity, highlighting significant correlations. These findings provide a basis for understanding the opto-biomechanical interplay between ocular and cardiovascular dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJt Dis Relat Surg
January 2025
SBÜ, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Kliniği, 34303 Küçükçekmece, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationships among factors affecting complication development and premature physeal closure (PPC) in patients undergoing surgical treatment within 12 h of the time of injury.
Patients And Methods: Between January 2015 and January 2021, a total of 46 patients (37 males, 9 females; mean age: 11.9±2.
J Phys Chem A
December 2024
Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, Namur B-5000, Belgium.
The Doktorov's quantum algorithm has been enacted in combination with time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) to simulate the vibronic structure of the UV/visible absorption spectra of the phenol and phenolate molecules. On the one hand, DFT and TD-DFT are employed with classical algorithms to calculate the ground and excited-state electronic structures as well as their vibrational frequencies and normal modes, whereas, on the other hand, quantum algorithms are employed for evaluating the vibrational transition intensities. In comparison to a previous study, , 128, 4369-4377, which demonstrated Doktorov's quantum algorithm as a proof of concept to predict the vibronic structure of ionization spectra, it is applied here to medium-size molecules with more than 30 vibrational normal modes, without accounting for Duschinsky rotations due to software limitations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
A simplified theoretical description of multiple-quantum excitation and mixing for nuclear magnetic resonance of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei is presented. The approach recasts the multiple-quantum nutation behavior in terms of reduced excitation and mixing curves through a scaling of the first-order offset frequency by the quadrupolar coupling constant. The two-dimensional correlation of the static first-order anisotropic line shape to the second-order anisotropic magic-angle-spinning (MAS) line shape is utilized to transform the three-dimensional integral over the three Euler angles into a single integral over the dimensionless first-order offset parameter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!