AI Article Synopsis
- Platinum resistance in high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is increasing, with about 75% of patients experiencing recurrence after chemotherapy, contributing to poor five-year survival rates of 39% for stage III and 17% for stage IV.
- The text examines the interactions between HGSC cells and their tumor microenvironment, emphasizing the roles of the extracellular matrix, ascitic fluid, and various immune cells in developing platinum resistance.
- It also highlights the clinical significance of platinum-resistant markers and discusses the potential of immunotherapy to help re-sensitize these patients to platinum-based treatments, aiming to improve therapeutic outcomes.
Article Abstract
Platinum resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer (OvCa) is rising at an alarming rate, with recurrence of chemo-resistant high grade serous OvCa (HGSC) in roughly 75 % of all patients. Additionally, HGSC has an abysmal five-year survival rate, standing at 39 % and 17 % for FIGO stages III and IV, respectively. Herein we review the crucial cellular interactions between HGSC cells and the cellular and non-cellular components of the unique peritoneal tumor microenvironment (TME). We highlight the role of the extracellular matrix (ECM), ascitic fluid as well as the mesothelial cells, tumor associated macrophages, neutrophils, adipocytes and fibroblasts in platinum-resistance. Moreover, we underscore the importance of other immune-cell players in conferring resistance, including natural killer cells, myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSCs) and T-regulatory cells. We show the clinical relevance of the key platinum-resistant markers and their correlation with the major pathways perturbed in OvCa. In parallel, we discuss the effect of immunotherapies in re-sensitizing platinum-resistant patients to platinum-based drugs. Through detailed analysis of platinum-resistance in HGSC, we hope to advance the development of more effective therapy options for this aggressive disease.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8286277 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.024 | DOI Listing |
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