Objectives: Psychological stress affects central as well as peripheral metabolism and hormone trafficking via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Stress thereby plays a decisive role in the etiology and progression of overweight and obesity, leading to several chronic diseases, such as diabetes, and mental health disorders. The interplay of biological and psychometric correlates of stress, anthropometric, immunological, and metabolic parameters and psychosocial factors such as gender roles, however, remains poorly understood.
Methods: In this exploratory study, 43 healthy women were assessed for glucose metabolism by an oral glucose tolerance test and computation of functional parameters for insulin secretion, sensitivity, and resistance. Further, the fatty liver index (FLI) and anthropometric parameters body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, body fat, and lean mass were assessed. Psychological stress assessment included the "Brief Symptom Inventory" (BSI), the "Burnout Dimensions Inventory" (BODI), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Biological stress response was evaluated with heart rate variability and cortisol levels. Finally, gender role self-identification was assessed with the "Bem Sex-Role Inventory" (BSRI). Generalized linear models were computed for exploratory association with psychometric outcome. Uncorrected p values are reported.
Results: Burnout and PSS scores were associated with insulin secretion, sputum cortisol, thyroid-stimulating hormone, anthropometric measures, and gender role. BSI ratings for psychiatric symptom dimensions were associated with insulin resistance, sex hormones, anthropometric measures, and gender role. Female self-identification was associated with higher BMI as well as body fat and a higher FLI.
Conclusions: Considering the increased risk of unfavorable metabolic, cardiovascular, and also mental health outcome in obese women, a higher BMI in women with predominant female gender self-identification may be relevant for clinical risk assessment. The broad range of interacting biological, psychological, and gender-related parameters calls for an integrative management of both mental and endocrinological health. However, the exploratory nature of the study requires replication in larger samples before definite conclusion can be drawn.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000514484 | DOI Listing |
Sensors (Basel)
December 2024
REMIT (Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies), IJP (Instituto Jurídico Portucalense), Universidade Portucalense, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 541-619, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
Some previous studies have focused on using physiological signals to detect stress in individuals with ASD through wearable devices, yet few have focused on how to design such solutions. Wearable technology may be a valuable tool to aid parents and caregivers in monitoring the emotional states of individuals with ASD who are at high risk of experiencing very stressful situations. However, effective wearable devices for individuals with ASD may need to differ from solutions for those without ASD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
December 2024
Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, "Luigi Sacco" University Hospital, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy.
Background/objectives: Lifestyle (in particular, nutrition and exercise) determines present and future youths' health. The goal of the present study was to identify specific student groups who deserve precise lifestyle improvement interventions, tailored to their characteristics.
Methods: An anonymous web-based questionnaire to assess lifestyle was posted on the websites of two main Italian Academic Institutions, and 9423 students voluntarily participated.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Laboratory of Comparative Developmental Physiology, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia.
Available evidence from animal studies suggests that placental serotonin plays an important role in proper fetal development and programming by altering brain circuit formation, which later translates into altered abnormal adult behaviors. Several environmental stimuli, including stress and maternal inflammation, affect placental and, hence, fetal serotonin levels and thus may disturb fetal brain development. We investigated the effect of prenatal stress of varying intensities on the formation of adaptive behaviors in mouse offspring and the role of placental serotonin in these processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicina (Kaunas)
December 2024
Institute for Prevention Research, Maharishi International University, Fairfield, IA 52557, USA.
: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition worldwide. The limited effectiveness of current psychological and pharmacological treatments has motivated studies on meditation techniques. This study is a comprehensive, multiple-treatments meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness of different categories of meditation in treating PTSD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicina (Kaunas)
December 2024
Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara 06490, Turkey.
: This study aimed to examine the effects of manual therapy (MT) and home exercise (HE) treatments on pain, sleep quality, stress level, and quality of life in patients with bruxism. : The study included 30 bruxism patients ages 18-25 years who were randomly divided into the manual therapy group (MTG) and home exercise group (HEG). Before treatment (T1), all patients were asked to fill out the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI), and Quality of Life Scale/Short Form-36 (SF-36), and additionally, the number of trigger points (NTP) and pain levels were determined.
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