Polymyalgia rheumatica is a disease characterized by systemic inflammation of the proximal muscles and pain in the hips and shoulders, but when this disease occurs contemporaneously with malignancy, there is a possibility of it being a paraneoplastic syndrome. With the advent of immunotherapies to treat various cancers, immune-related adverse events from these therapies are recognized as de novo findings or as flares of an underlying existing rheumatic disease. In this report, we present a case of polymyalgia rheumatica presenting as a paraneoplastic syndrome that was exacerbated during therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors for recurrent melanoma.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2020.1824962 | DOI Listing |
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Introduction: Efgartigimod has been approved for the treatment of acetylcholine receptor antibodies-positive generalized myasthenia gravis (AChR-Ab+gMG), but its efficacy in patients with ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) is not known.
Case Presentation: We describe 2 cases of patients with AChR-Ab+ OMG who showed unfavorable responses to corticosteroids and tacrolimus. Within 2 weeks of initiating efgartigimod, both patients showed rapid improvement and minimal symptom expression was achieved in weeks 3 to 4, which was maintained up to week 12.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Objective: This study aims to delineate the clinical features underlying the concurrent disease of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myasthenia gravis (MG), and to identify efficacious therapeutic strategies.
Background: NMOSD and MG are uncommon autoimmune diseases that infrequently co-exist. Despite previous reports, a consensus on treating NMOSD concurrent with MG is lacking.
Non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH) is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with non-mesenchymal-derived and epithelial tumors. A 37-year-old male with stage IVB hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pulmonary metastases presented with recurrent hypoglycemia despite glucose supplementation. Laboratory findings revealed low insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) (15 ng/mL), elevated insulin growth factor 2 (IGF-2) (395 ng/ml), and an IGF-2:IGF-1 ratio of 26:1, consistent with NICTH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian J Pathol Microbiol
January 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, Kerala, India.
Hematological malignancies are known to have cutaneous manifestations, either in the form of direct infiltration of skin by malignant cells or as a result of paraneoplastic syndrome. Many hematological malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), are known to cause malignancy-induced Eosinophilic Dermatoses. We present a case of an elderly woman who presented with multiple pruritic patches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Neurol
February 2025
Department of Neurology, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan.
Background: Evidence from preclinical studies suggests that IL-6 signalling has the potential to modulate immunopathogenic mechanisms upstream of autoantibody effector mechanisms in patients with generalised myasthenia gravis. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of satralizumab, a humanised monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-6 receptor, in patients with generalised myasthenia gravis.
Methods: LUMINESCE was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, phase 3 study at 105 sites, including hospitals and clinics, globally.
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